pāyiram (p. 311) s. Preface, introduction, preamble, prologue, முகவுரை. 2. Synopsis, compend, syllabus, பொழிப்புரை. (ஸ்காந்.) 3. [fig.] Origin, history, account, வரலாறு. Preface is of two kinds. -- I. பொதுப்பாயிரம். a general preface, of which there are five particulars: நூற்றிறன், the properties and characteristics of classical writing; 2. நூவல்வோன்திறன், the character of the teacher, and his ability and aptitude to teach; 3. நுவலுந்திறன், the mode of teaching, system of imparting education; 4. கொள்வோன்றிறன், the qualifications of the student; 5. கோடற்றிறன், the method of pursuing his studies. II. சிறப்புப்பாயிரம், a preface relating only to the book to which it is prefixed; in which are eleven particulars--ஆக்கியோன்பெயர், the name of the author; 2. வழி, the origin of the work; 3. எல்லை, the country wherein it is used; 4. நூற்பெயர், the name of the book; 5. யாப்பு, its merit, and the position it holds in the list of works; 6.நுதலியபொருள், the subjects treated; 7. கேட்போர், students fit to study it; 8. பயன், advantages to the learner; 9. காலம், the time when it was written; 1. களம், the assembly who sanctioned it; 11. காரணம், the motive which led to its being published. செறுமனத்தார்பாயிரங்கூறி. Enemies, boasting of their origin. 60)