aḥku (p. 1) pres. கிறேன், past அஃகி னேன், fut. வேன், inf. அஃக, v. n. To diminish, shrink; be shortened as a vowel; be reduced, as wealth, &c. குறைய. 2. To become closed or compressed, as a flower, umbrella, &c. சுருங்க. 3. To be acute, refined, as knowledge, நுண்மையாக. (p.) அஃகியதனிநிலை, s. The letter ஃ shortened. அஃகியவறிவு, s. Penetration, acumen, discrimination. 7)

aḥpōtm (p. 1) s. The bartavelle or Greek partridge. See நிலாமுகி. (p.) 11)

akṇi (p. 1) s. Interior, as of the fibrous part of the bark of a tree, உள். 2. An inland, agricultural, rice district, மரு தநிலம். (p.) 25) *

akppāṭṭuṟuppu (p. 2) s. The twelve members of அகப்பொருள் or அகத்திணை, viz. 1. இயல்பகத்திணை. Method of defining a thing or showing its nature, quality, &c. 2. வகையகத்திணை. Amplification, or detailing at large what has been said briefly. 3. பொதுவகத்திணை. The rule for summing up or recapitulating. 4. சிறப்பகத்திணை. The rule for discriminating, or explaining the difference of things. 5. உவமவகத்திணை. The rule for illustrating a subject by metaphors, comparisons, &c. 6. புறநிலையகத்திணை. The rule for exemplifying a subject by examples. 7. எதிர்நிலையகத்திணை. The rule for elucidating a circumstance by its opposite. 8. காரண or கருவியகத்திணை. Showing the condition or quality of a thing by its orginal cause. 9. காரியவகத்திணை. Proving a thing by its effects. 1. காரகவகத்திணை. The rule for relating an action, event, &c., to which belong the following:-- 1. செய்பவன், who. 2. செய்தொழில், what. 3. கருவிகள், by what helps. 4. பயன், why. 5. இடம் or நிலம், where. 6. காலம், when. 7. திறன், in what manner or how. 11. முன்னவையகத்திணை. The rule for foretelling events from signs. 12. பின்னவையகத்திணை. The rule for foretelling the consequences of any action. (p.) 17)

akpporuḷ (p. 2) s. [ex. அகம், mind, et பொருள்.] Rules for amatory poems, அ கப்பொருள்விதி. 2. Rules for reasoning, தர்க் கவிதி. 3. mental enjoyments in love, இன் பம். 4. A book treating of mental delectation, ஓரிலக்கணம். அகப்பொருள் is developed in these three constituents, viz., 1. முதற்பொருள், primary arrangements of nature with regard to (a) நிலம், soil, in five varieties, and (b) பொழுது, time in two grand divisions. 2. கருப்பொருள், natural peculiarities incidental to each of the divisions of the soil under 14 heads viz., (a) ஆரணங்கு, peculiar gods belonging to a place, tutelary deities or penates, (b) உயர்ந் தோர், chiefs or lords of the district, (c) இழிந்தோர், subjects or inhabitants under them, (d) புள், birds, (e) விலங்கு, beasts, (f) ஊர், city or town, (g) நீர், water, (h) பூ, flowers, (i) மரம். trees, (j) உணா, food, (k) பறை, drum, (l) யாழ், musical instruments, (m) பண், tune, and (n) தொழில், occupation, trade or mode of earning a livelihood. 3. உரிப்பொருள், essential characteristics of lovers. The subject matter of this treatise, to which the two former are auxiliary or conducive, is developed in five dispositions or actions, either mental or coporal, viz., (a) புணர்தல், union or the state in which husbands and wives are together in their family, (b) பிரிதல், separation when for lawful purposes, (c) இருத்தல், the state in which they continue solitary, especially the bride, (d) ஊடல், love quarrels, (e) இ ரங்கல், weeping and lamentation in any period of their life for any cause. These five characteristics are respectively ascribed to the above five species of soil, as appropriately adapted to their nature, as புணர்தல் to குறிஞ்சி, பிரிதல் to பாலை, இருத்தல் to முல்லை, ஊடல் to மருதம், and இரங்கல் to நெய்தல். இந் த ஐந்து ஒழுக்கத்தையுங்குறித்துப் பாடும்பொழுது அத தற்குக்குறித்த திணையிலுள்ள கருப்பொருள்களையெடுத் துப் பாடுதன்முறையாம். (p.) அகப்பொருட்கோவை, s. A poem which treats of அகப்பொருள். 22) *

akm (p. 2) s. Interior, inside, within, உள். அகக்கணு, s. In anatomy, inner tuberosity, அந்தப்பர்வகம். அகக்காழ்--அகங்காழ், s. The inside, solid part of timber, the heart of a tree. அகதேசி, s. [vul. அரதேசி.] A religious mendicant in his own country-used in opposition to பரதேசி. அகநிலை, s. The self-existent God, கடவுள். 2. Inside, உள்நிலை. அகவிதழ், s. Inner petals as found in the lotus and some other flowers; ex இதழ். (p.) 25)

akaram (p. 2) s. The name of the letter அ, ஓரெழுத்து. 2. A suffix of consonants, ஒற் யெழுத்தின்சாரியை, as மகரம். 3. A town or village in an agricultural district, மருதநிலத் தூர். 4. A village of brahmins, பார்ப்பனச்சேரி. 5. Mercury, quicksilver, இரதம். (M. Dic.) 32) *

akẕu (p. 2) -அகழ், கிறேன், அகழ்ந்தேன், வேன், அகழ, v. a. To dig out, excavate a well or ditch, form a hole as a rat, &c., தோண்ட. 2. To dig, turn up the earth, plough, உழ. (p.) அகழ்வாரைத் தாங்குநிலம்போல, &c. [குறள்.] as the ground which supports the ploughmen. அகழான்--அகழெலி, s. A large kind of field-rat. அகழானெடுத்தல், s. v. Burrowing and casting out the earth, as rats. 49)

akkuttu (p. 4) s. [prov.] Crisis, இரண் டுக்குற்றநிலை. 2. Doubt, uncertainty, instability, சந்தேகம். 3. Condition, terms of agreement, பொருத்தம். 22)

angkiṭuttti (p. 5) --அங்கிடுதுடுப்பன், s. One who frequently changes his party or place, நாடோடி. 2. One of fickle or vagrant habits, as to dwelling or otherwise, நிலைகெட்டவன். (c.) 30) *

angku (p. 5) [adverbially.] There, in that place, yonder, thither, in that life or state in yonder world, அவ்விடம், (c.) 2. (p.) A poetic expletive, அசைநிலை. அங்கங்கே. There and there. அங்கே. There. 35)

acalam (p. 5) s. [priv. அ et சலம் motion.] Fixedness, immobility, அசையாநிலை. 2. A mountain, மலை. 3. The earth, பூமி. (p.) அசலன், s. The Supreme Being, the immovable, immutable, God as not affected by emotions or passions, கட வுள். (p.) 91) *

acāttiyam (p. 6) s. [priv. அ et சாத்தி யம்.] Impracticability, unprofitableness, இ யலாமை. 2. Incurableness, irremediableness, குணமாகாமை. 3. Uncertainty, doubt, suspicion, நிலையின்மை. 17) *

acumpu (p. 6) s. Mud, moist land, slippery ground, வழுக்குநிலம். 2. A well, கிணறு. 3. Bad ground, பொல்லாநிலம். (p.) 41) *

acai (p. 7) s. An-expletive, அசைநிலை. 2. Accent, இசைப்பிரிவு. 3. (c.) The cud, இரை மீட்பு. 4. (p.) Metrical syllable, செய்யுளுறுப்பா றினொன்று. There are two kinds of அசை, viz. (a.) நேரசை, when there is a single syllable, ஓரலகு. 1. When there is a long vowel, as ஆ. 2. When the vowel is short, as ழி. 3. When the short vowel is joined with a mute, as வெள். 4. When the long vowel is joined with a mute, as வேல். (b.) நிரையசை, When there is a compound syllable, ஈரலகு. 1. When two short vowels are joined, as வெறி. 2. When a short and long vowel are joined, as சுறா. 3. When two short vowels are joined with a mute, as in நிறம். 4. When a short and long vowel are joined with a mute, as விளாம். அசைச்சீர், s. A foot of one syllable, as நாள் and மலர். அசைச்சொல்--அசைநிலை, s. An expletive, அசைநிலைச்சொல். அசைபோட--அசையிட--அசை வெட்ட, inf. To chew the cud, to ruminate. அசையடி, s. One of the members of கலிப்பா. கலிப்பாவினோருறுப்பு. அசையந்தாதி, s. A poem in which the last syllable of one verse and the first of the succeeding are the same. 2)