ē (p. 76) . One of the seven long vowels, நெட்டுயிரிலொன்று. 2. An arrow, அம்பு. 3. A particle of emphasis, &c., இடைச்சொல். In நன்னூல், it is said to have six different uses: 1. பிரிநிலை, a distinguishing particle-as அவனேசொன்னான், it was he who said it. In some cases, it would be used for self or selves in the plural where the connection demanded it--as he himself said it. 2. வினா, interrogative: அவனேகொண் டான், was it he that bought it? 3. எண், enumeration or copulative--as சாத்தனே கொற்றனே இருவரும்வந்தார், Sattan and Kottan both came; கடலே, கரையே, மரமே, மலரே, வளையே, இவ்வைந்து, the sea, the land, the tree, the flower, the conch, these five. 4. ஈற்றசை or அசைநிலை, a terminate expletive --as மல்லலோங்கெழில்யானைமருமம்பாய்ந்தொளித்த தே, (the weapon) lodged itself in the breast of the beautiful and powerful elephant. 5. தேற்றம், certainty, confidence, appeal, emphasis--as இதுள்ளதே, this is really true; முயற்குக்கோடில்லையே, the hare has no horns. 6. இசைநிறை, a poetic expletive for completing the metre--as ஏஏ இவ ளொருத்திபேடி, she is a hermaphrodite; பேடியோவென்றாரே, he said, is she an hermaphrodite? To these the commentator adds 7. எதிர்மறை, negative as implied by the tones and inflections of the speaker rather than expressed by the particle--as அவன்வந்தானே, he came, did he? implying he did not come. Another may also be given. 8. இகழ்ச்சி, an interjection of contempt--as எஏ--வைத்தியகாரா, oh, oh, (or fie, fie), thou stupid fellow. (p.) 5) *