angkatam (p. 5) s. Epaulet, a bracelet formerly worn over the shoulders, தோளணி. Wils. p. 1. ANGATHA. 2. A snake, பாம்பு. 3. Abuse, contemptuous language, sarcasm or offensive allusion வசைச்சொல். 4. Falsehood, பொய் 5. Elephant's food, யா னையுணவு. (p.) 12) *

arāvu (p. 23) கிறேன், அராவினேன், வேன், அராவ, v. a. [vul.] To file, polish, அழுத்த. 2. To grate as in the friction of two pieces of metal, to rub, stroke, &c., உராஞ்ச. 3. To revolve a thing in the mind, ruminate, சிந்திக்க. 4. v. n. To use sarcasm, jeers, &c. reciprocally, to be in a state of collision, to clash, disagree, jar, மிண்ட.--Note. The root of this word may also be அரா, and [prov.] அராத்து. 43) *

aḷ (p. 33) க்கிறேன், ந்தேன், ப்பேன், க்க, v. a. To measure, fathom, expore, estimate, அளவுசெய்ய. 2. To apportion, mete out, measure out, பங்கிட. 3. To extend, reach, எட்ட. விசும்பளந்தாண்டுநின்றிடுஞ்சிகரியை. The turrets which reached to the sky. மரக்காலைப்பாய்ச்சியளக்கிறான். He measures thrusting in the marcal; i. e. into the heap. பறைவெட்டியளக்கிறான்--பறைதட்டியளக்கிறான். He measures by striking off the excess of the grain. ஐயனளந்தபடி. As God allots. அளக்கை--அளத்தல், v. noun. Measuring. அளபு, v. noun. Measurement, அ ளவு. 2. The lengthening of the sound of a letter, அளபெடை. அளபெடுக்க, inf. To lengthen a letter, whether vowel or consonant, by the insertion of another short letter or mute, as the case may be, for the sake of the poetry, and sometimes for euphony, as, கழூஉ for கழு; மாத்திரைமிக் கொலிக்க. அளபெடை, v. noun. The lengthening of a letter chiefly for the sake of the verse. There are two ways of doing this. 1. உயிரளபெடை, the addition of a short vowel to a long one, either in the beginning, middle, or end of a word--as ஈஇ கை, gift--for ஈகை; படாஅ கை, banner--for படாகை; and குழூஉ, multitude--for குழு. Again this is divided into இயற்கையளபெடை, and செயற்கையளபெ டை. 2. ஒற்றளபெடை, the lengthening of the mutes, ங், ஞ், ண், ந், ம், ன், வ், ய், ல், ள், and ஃ by being repeated twice either in the middle or end of a word when they are placed after one or two short syllables, as அரங்கம், முரஞ்ஞ்சு, மண்ண்ணு, அம்ம்பு, கொள்ள்க, விலஃஃகி. அளப்பம்--அளப்பு, v. noun. Measuring, அளக்கை. 2. (fig.) Fate, destiny, ஊழ். 3. Needless repetition, chatter, அலப்பு. 4. Expressing dissatisfaction, முறுமுறுக்கை. வனிதையரளப்பிலர், The damsels are without number. அளப்பளக்க, inf. To repeat, use needless repetitions, prate, chatter, அ லப்ப. 2. To complain, grumble, express dissatisfaction, முறுமுறுக்க. அளப்பன், s. [prop. அலப்பன்.] A babbler, prater, chatterer, வீணாகப்பேசு வோன். 13)

aẕṉm (p. 32) s. A corpse, a carcass, பிணம். 2. Fire, தீ. 5)

aẕṉ (p. 32) s. A corpse, a carcass, பி ணம். 6)

aviẕ (p. 31) s. A single grain of boiled rice, ஓர்சோறு. (c.) வடித்தபானையிலோரவிழுங்கிடையாது. A single grain of rice will not be found in a well cleaned vessel. கலவுமிதின்றாலோரவிழ்தட்டாதா? If you eat twelve marcals of husks, will not one grain of rice touch (your teeth?) i. e. if you take much trouble, will you not derive some benefit? 11)

ālai (p. 42) s. A press for pressing sugarcane, &c., கரும்பாலை. 2. (p.) Vinous or spirituous liquor, கள். 3. (fig.) Oppression, affliction, உபத்திரவம். ஆலையில்லாவூருக்கிருப்பைப்பூச்சருக்கரை. The flower of the இருப்பை tree is sugar, where there is no sugar-cane-press; i. e. a person of mean abilities is esteemed in those places, where men of superior talents are rare. ஆலைபாய்தல், v. noun. Working at the sugar-cane-press. (p.) 2. (c.) Being undecided, vacillating, மனச்சுழற்சி. ஆலைபாயரவம். The sound of working at the sugar-cane-press. (சேதுப்.) ஆலைமாலை, s. Trouble, vexation, அலைச்சல். ஆலையாட்ட, inf. To press sugarcane in the mill, to express juice in the sugar-cane-press. 29) *

ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

uyr (p. 63) --உயரு, கிறேன், உயர்ந்தேன், வேன், உயர, v. n. To rise, become high, tall, elevated, to grow, or rise high, வளர. 2. To rise as water; to ascend as a paper kite; to rise towards the meridian as a heavenly body, மேலெழ. 3. To become proud, vain, self-conceited, consequential, to be elated, இறுமாக்க. 4. To be excellent, exalted, eminent, dignified, மேன்மையுற. In neuter forms it is found chiefly in the past tense. 5. To be raised or lifted up, உன்ன தப்பட. உயரப்பறந்தாலுமூர்க்குருவிபருந்தாமோ? Though it soars high, will the sparrow become a hawk? ஓதற்றொழிலுரித்துயர்மூவருக்கும். The study of the vedas belongs to the three superior castes. வரம்புயரநீருயருநீருயரநெல்லுயருநெல்லுயரக்குடி யுயருங்குடியுயரமுடியுயரும். As the banks are raised, the water will rise, as the water increases, so will the rice, rice will increase population, and as the population increases, so will the dignity of the crown. உயரநினைப்பவன்தாழ்வான். He who is intent to rise will fall. தானியமுயந்துவிற்கிறது. Grain sells cheap. மாற்றுயர்ந்தபொன். Gold of a superior quality, high standard. உயரஇருந்துவிழ, inf. To fall down from above. உயரக்கட்ட, inf. To build a structure higher. உயரக்கிளம்ப, inf. To rise--as a bird from the ground, &c. உயரப்பார்க்க, inf. To look upward. 2. To seek to rise, aspire, seek dignity, &c. உயரப்போக, inf. To go up. உயரவெறிய, inf. To fling up. உயரவேற, inf. To ascend, rise, to mount up. உயர், rel. part. High, elevated, eminent. உயரில்லறம், s. High domestic virtue. உயர்குலம்--உயர்ந்தகுலம், s. A high caste. உயர்குலத்தோர், s. Persons of high caste or family. உயர்திணை, s. [in grammar.] The superior or rational class. See திணை. உயர்தினம், s. A high day, a festival, பெருநாள். உயர்நிலம், s. High land, a hillock, a hill, மேடு. 2. The world of the inferior gods, தேவலோகம். 3. An upper room or terrace, உப்பரிகை. உயர்நிலத்தோர், s. The gods, the celestials, வானோர். உயர்நிலை, s. Swerga, சுவர்க்கலோ கம். 2. An upper room, மேன்மாடம். உயர்ந்தசரக்கு, s. Valuable commodities, choice articles. 2. [in sarcasm.] A great person--as, அந்தவுயர்ந்த சரக்குவரமாட்டாது, That precious piece of goods (great personage) will not deign to come hither. உயர்ந்ததமிழ், s. High poetic Tamil, above the comprehension of the vulgar. உயர்ந்தகுளச்சி, s. A kind of prepared arsenic, பவளப்புற்றுப்பாஷாணம். உயர்ந்தபாறை, s. A high rock. உயர்ந்தமனுஷன், s. A tall man. 2. A man of high station. உயர்ந்தவயசு, s. A great age, advanced age. உயர்ந்தோர், s. The great, the learned, the renowned, the exalted in piety, virtue, austerities, &c., sages, ascetics, சான்றோர். 2. High caste persons, உயர்குலத்தோர். 3. The celestials, வானோர். 4. Brahmans, பார்ப்பார். உயர்மலை, s. A high mountain. உயர்ச்சி, s. [impr. உயர்த்தி.] Height, elevation, loftiness, altitude, eminence, sublimity, உயர்வு. 2. Excellency, superiority, dignity, moral worth, exaltation, மேன்மை. உயர்த்திதாழ்த்திபார்த்தல். Regarding the hours of one's caste, rank, property, &c., fastidiously. உயர்ச்சிகாட்ட, inf. To show one's superiority. 2. To exhibit one's real dignity. உயர்பு--உயர்வு, s. Height, loftiness, elevation, உயர்ச்சி. 2. Dignity, greatness, excellence, மேன்மை. 3. Increase, விர்த்தி. உயர்விக்க, inf. To elevate the character of any one, to improve the disposition, increase learning, moral worth, to exalt, dignify, promote, உயர்த்த. 2. To raise the price, increase expenditure, numbers, &c., அதிகப்படுத்த. 3. To raise, lift up, elevate, எடுப்பிக்க. 15)

uṟṭṭai (p. 67) s. [prov.] A bad smell, stench, offensive smell--as of a dead carcass, bugs, &c., துர்க்கந்தம். உறட்டைநாற்றம்--உறட்டைமண ம், s. Stench, stink, offensive effluvia. உறட்டையடிக்க--உறட்டைவீச, inf. To diffuse itself as an offensive, or disgusting fume, துர்க்கந்தம்வீச. 68)

uṟuttu (p. 68) கிறேன், உறுத்தினேன், வே ன், உறுத்த, v. a. To cause to be, to originate, உண்டாக்க. 2. To form, constitute, ஏற்படுத்த. 3. To insert, introduce, சேர்க்க. 4. To render, produce, வருவிக்க. 5. To erect, construct, நாட்ட. 6. To bring in contact, clap together, make an impression on the mind, தாக்க. 7. To cause smarting irritation, &c. --as dust in the eye, a rough or uneven surface to one sitting, or lying down from the protrusion of his bones, வருத்த. 8. To produce mental pain--as by a sarcastic remark, &c., மனதிலுறுத்த.--Note. The meanings of this word are commonly determined by the noun prefixed to it, and it may generally be construed by the form to cause to be, &c. See எலும்புறுத்த, below. புரவிபண்ணுறுத்திடுவார். They equipped the horse. (நைட.) மருங்கினிற்கச்சியாப்புறுத்தான். He bound the girdle about his waist. (சேதுப்.) காலிலேகல்லுறுத்துகின்றது. The pebbles hurt my feet. உறுத்திப்பேச, inf. To speak so as to make an impression on the mind. 2. To speak with energy, earnestness, &c. எலும்புறுத்த, inf. To cause a smarting irritation--as the bones by being protruded. துன்புறுத்த, inf. To cause suffering. For many words compounded with this verb, such as கண்ணுறுத்த, பயமுறுத்த, மனமுறு த்த, வற்புறுத்த, &c., see in their respective places. 2)

uṟai (p. 68) க்கிறது, த்தது, க்கும், க்க, v. n. To be pungent, biting, sharp, கார்க்க. 2. To burn--as the body from exposure to the sun --the mouth, or a sore from any thing pungent--the back after flogging, &c., எரிய. 3. To affect acutely, cut to the quick--as a blow, rebuke, a sarcasm, &c.; to impress, தாக்க. 4. To become firm, fast, steadfast, decided--as the mind, அழுந்த. உறைக்கமழைபெய்தது. It rained effectively. என்மேலேசூடுறைக்கிறது. The heat burns or scorches me. நாணுறைப்ப. So as to be touched with shame. (நீதிநெறி.) உப்புறைக்கிறது. It is very salt. சொன்னதொன்றுங்காதிலேயுறைக்கவில்லையா.... Has nothing that I said affected you? lit. your ears. என்மனதிலேயுறைக்கிறது. It touches me to the quick. நான்சொன்னதுஅவன்மனதிலேயுறைத்தது. What I said made an impression on his mind. புளியுறைக்கிறது. It is very sour. கறியுறைக்கிறது. The curry is hot. வெயிலுறைக்கிறது. The sun scorches intensely. சாறுறைக்கிறது. The broth is pungent. உறைக்கஅடிக்க, inf. To strike so as to produce feeling. உறைக்கச்சொல்ல, inf. To speak effectively. உறைக்கப்பார்க்க, inf. To look intently. உறைத்துக்கொள்ள, inf. To become strengthened in mind. வாயுறைக்க, inf. To burn as the mouth through eating hot spices. உறைப்பு, v. noun. Sharpness, pungency, acrimony, காரம். 2. Severity, tartness, harshness in language, &c., கொடுமை. 3. Smarting, &c. of the mouth from eating pungent spices, எரிவு. 4. Painful sensations of body or mind, தாக்குகை. 5. Intensity, acuteness, severity, உக்கிரம். 6. Impressiveness, positiveness, பதிவு. உறைப்பானபேச்சு, s. Pointed language, cutting reproof, a biting sarcasm, a caustic remark. 2. Impressive speech. உறைப்பானமழை, s. An efficacious or fertilizing rain. உறைப்புக்காட்ட, inf. To be pungent. 2. To add pungent ingredients to curries, &c. 3. To be impressive, poignant, &c.--as a discourse. 13)

uẕkku (p. 67) கிறேன், உழக்கினேன், வே ன், உழக்க, v. n. To fence, சிலம்பம்பழக. (p.) 2. v. a. To trample, tread upon, mash, injure, devastate or destroy by treading, &c., மிதிக்க. 3. (p.) To disturb, foul, stir up with the feet, கலக்க. செங்கண்மேதிகரும்புழக்கி. The red-eyed buffalo having trampled on the sugarcane-- (காரி.) சமரிலுழக்கினாலல்லது. Unless they beat down the enemy in battle-- (பார.) உழக்கு, v. noun. Trampling, treading down, மிதிப்பு. 9)

uẕlai (p. 67) s. [vul.] Great thirst, தாகம். 2. A wooden cylinder in an oil or sugarcane-press by the revolution of which the oil or juice is expressed, உழலைமரம். 3. A piece of wood with a hole for receiving the upper post of a door or gate. See கதவின்குடுமி. உழலைமரம், s. A log of wood suspended from the neck of a cow to prevent it from straying, தொண்டுக்கட்டை. ஆருழலைப்படுதல், v. noun. Being scorched with great heat. 2. Being tormented with thirst. 15)

ūtu (p. 69) கிறேன், ஊதினேன், வேன், ஊத, v. a. To blow--as with the mouth, to blow the fire, to puff and blow--as with hard labor, வாயாலூத. 2. To blow a musical instrument--as a trumpet, துளைக்கருவியி சைக்க. 3. To blow with a bellows, a blowpipe, &c., துருத்திமுதலியவற்றாலூத. 4. To gnaw or bore holes--as a beetle, to injure--as a moth, வண்டுமுதலியவூத. 5. v. n. To be puffed up with wind, to be inflated, வீங்க. 6. To be bloated, swollen--as the belly after eating, to swell or puff up--as a corpse, or carcass in water, &c., சரீரம்வீங்க. 7. To blow softly--as wind, காற்றுநொய்தாய்வீச. 8. To blow--as bees, beetles, &c., in getting out honey from flowers, வண்டிரைய. அவன்முகம்ஊதிக்கொண்டிருக்கிறது. His face is swollen. உடலூதியிருக்கின்றது. The stomach is puffed up with wind. ஊதிடுகொம்பு--ஊதுகொம்பு, s. A horn used as a trumpet. ஊதிப்பார்க்க, inf. To try a windinstrument. 2. To attempt a cure by enchantment consisting in part of blowing into the patient's body. ஊதிப்போக, inf. To be puffed up. ஊதிப்போட--ஊதிவிட, inf. To blow away, blow out, extinguish. ஊதினபொன், s. Refined gold, gold refined in the fire. வண்டூதினபுடைவை, s. A garment injured by insects, moths. வண்டூதினமரம், s. A timber or beam gnawed or pierced by beetles. வண்டூதினவோலை, s. An ola book, &c., eaten by insects. அந்தூதினநெல், s. Insect-eaten rice. ஊதுகட்டி, s. [vul.] Silver of the purest kind, சொக்கவெள்ளி. ஊதுகரப்பன், s. A kind of disease resulting from bad humors in the system and attended with eruptions. ஊதுகாமாலை, s. A kind of jaundice in which the body swells. ஊதுகுழல், s. A pipe, a gold smith's blow-pipe. ஊதுமா, s. A kind of hastypudding. ஊதுமாந்தம், s. A disease of children, ஓர்நோய். ஊதுமுகம், s. A bloated face. ஊதுவழலை, s. A kind of snake. ஊதுவிரியன்--ஊதுபாம்பு, s. A kind of viper, ஓர்பாம்பு. எக்காளமூத, inf. To sound a trumpet. 58)