Tamil to English Dictionary: medium--as

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இசை
icai (p. 45) s. A sound, noise, ஒலி. 2. Praise, புகழ். 3. A word, சொல். 4. A tune, melody, மிடற்றாற்பிறக்குமிசை. 5. Instrumental music, நரம்பிற்பிறக்குமிசை. 6. Sound, harmony in music, a harmonious or musical sound, tone, note, &c., இசைப்பாட்டு. Also a term common to the different parts in music. (p.) (சது.)--The seven principal sounds or notes in the vocal and instrumental music of the Hindus are called, சுரம், in singing, and நரம்பு, on stringed instruments; they are, 1. குரல், the guttural sound, the sound coming from the throat, மிடற்றாற்குரல். 2. துத்தம், the second tone of the gamut, or நி modulated by the tongue, நாவினாற்றுத்தம். 3. கைக்கிளை, the sound caused by the palate, அண்ணத்தாற்கைக்கிளை. 4. உழை, the cerebral, or the sound coming from the head, சிரத்தாலுழை. 5. இளி, that which proceeds from the forehead, நெற்றியாலிளி. 6. விளரி, the pectoral, or that which proceeds from the breast, நெஞ்சால்விளரி. 7. தாரம், that from the nose, or nasal, மூக் காற்றாரம்.--These sounds, they compare: 1. With those of animals--as that of a peacock, a bull, a sheep, &c. 2. With the different tastes of milk, honey, &c. 3. With the different scents of jasmin, nymph&oe;a, &c.--The letters (அட்சரம்.) by which they express these notes are as follow: 1. ஆஅ. 2. ஈஇ. 3. ஊஉ. 4. ஏஎ. 5. ஐஇ. 6. ஓஒ. 7. ஔஉ.--The time or measure, (மாத்திரை,) of these notes is as follows:The 1st note குரல் contains 4 measures நான்கு குரல். 2d துத்தம் contains 4 measures நான்குதுத்தம். 3d கைக்கிளை ,, 2 ,, இரண்டுகைக்கிளை. 4th உழை ,, 3 ,, மூன்றுழை. 5th இளி ,, 4 ,, நான்கிளி. 6th விளரி ,, 3 ,, மூன்றுவிளரி. 7th தாரம் ,, 2 ,, இரண்டுதாரம். From the combinations of these notes or sounds, are formed seven different kinds of airs or tunes; (பாலை) viz.: 1. செம்பாலை, or the air in which the first note is doubled, குரலேகுரல். 2. படுமலைப் பாலை, the air in which the second and first notes are compounded, துத்தமேகுரல். 3. செவ்வழிப்பாலை, the air in which the third and the first notes are compounded, கைக்கிளையேகுரல். 4. அரும்பாலை, the air in which the fourth and the first notes are compounded, உழையேகுரல். 5. கொடி ப்பாலை, the air in which the fifth and first notes are compounded, இளியேகுரல். 6. விளரிப்பாலை, the air in which the sixth and first notes are compouned, விளரியே குரல். 7. மேற்செம்பாலை, the air in which the seventh and first notes are compounded, தாரமேகுரல்.--The differences of these tunes are as follow; viz.: 1. கொ டிப்பாலை, a tune higher than செம்பாலை. 2. விளரிப்பாலை and மேற்செம்பாலை, tunes higher than கொடிச்செம்பாலை.--The three different parts in music are: 1. மந்தவிசை, bass, or the lowest pitch--also called, மந்தரம் or காகுளி. 2. மத்திமலிசை, tenor or medium--also called, மதுரம் or சமன். 3. தாரவிசை, treble or the highest pitch-also called, உச்சம் or வல்லிசை.--The different parts are not sung together, but one after another in succession--மந்த விசை, takes its pitch in the key note of the bass--the மத்திமவிசை, in the fifth-and the உச்சம், in the octave. The term is also applied to the several notes or sounds of the octave--also called சுரம்-as the first சுரம், the second சுரம், &c., and the whole are called the சரளி or gamut. இசைகேடு, s. Dissonance, discord, want of harmony, சுரபேதம். 2. Dishonor, disgrace, ill-fame, அவகீர்த்தி. 3. Want of opportunity, inconvenience, inauspiciousness--as of a day, ஒத்துக்கொள் ளாமை. 4. [prov.] Reduced state, emaciated state, இடைந்துபோனநிலைமை. இசைகொள்ள, inf. To be renowned, கீர்த்திபெற. இசைக்குழல், s. A musical windinstrument, ஊதுகுழல். இசைத்தமிழ், s. One of the three kinds of Tamil odes, or other poetry adapted to song--also the various changes made to accommodate language to music, முத்தமிழினொன்று. இசைத்திரிபு, s. A change of tune by mistake, ஓசைப்பிறழ்வு. 2. Variation in music, இசைமாறுகை. 3. A different enunciation of the same terms, according to the different senses they are intended to convey, இசையறுத்துக்கூறுகை-as செம்பொன்பதின்கழஞ்சு, may be செம்பு ஒன் பதின்கழஞ்சு, the copper is nine கழஞ்சு--or செம்பொன் பதின்கழஞ்சு, the fine gold is ten கழஞ்சு. So குறும்பரம்பு may be குறும்பர் அம்பு, the army of territorial chiefs-or குறும் பரம்பு, a short board used for smoothing ploughed fields. இசைநாள், s. The twenty-fifth, also the twenty-sixth lunar mansions, பூரட்டாதி and உத்திரட்டாதி. இசைநிறை, s. [in poetry.] The use of a letter, or word to fill the measure-an expletive, ஓரிடைச்சொல்; as ஏஎ யிவ ளொருத்திபேடி. Heh! This is a hermaphrodite. இசைநூல், s. The science of music. இசைப்பாட்டு, s. A melody, tune, song, காந்தாரம். இசைமடந்தை, s. Sarasvati, the wife of Brahma; the goddess of speech, of music, fame, praise, &c., சரச்சுவதி. (p.) இசையுள்ளான், s. A man of fame or praise. இசையெச்சம், s. [in grammar.] Ellipsis or omission of a word, சொல் லெச்சம். இசையெடுக்க, inf. To pitch or begin a tune. இசைவல்லோர்--இசைவாணர். s. Proficients in music, சங்கீதபாடகர். 2. Heavenly choristers, கந்தருவர். 39)
இறங்கு
iṟngku (p. 57) கிறேன், இறங்கினேன், வேன், இறங்க, v. n. To descend, pass down a declivity or ladder, sink lower; to get down a tree, a precipice, &c.; to step down, alight from a horse, &c.; to crawl down, சரிய. 2. To descend voluntarily--as a bird, தாழலிறங்க. 3. To descend by degrees through air, water, or any other resisting medium--as leaves or other light substances; to fall or sink gradually or slowly; to fall--as rain; to flow down--as a torrent; to fall--as grain from the ear, மழைமுதலிய வையிறங்க. 4. To disembark, get out of a boat, or from one boat into another of smaller size, கப்பலினின்றிறங்க. 5. To be taken down, unladed, unladen, disburdened, சாமானிறங்க. 6. To fall or sink into the appropriate place--as a post into its hole, to be driven home--as a nail, உள்ளிறங்க. 7. To sink--as a denser body, to settle to the bottom--as earth in water, water in oil, &c., அமிழ. 8. To arrive at a place other than one's home, to pitch, alight, encamp --as an army. to halt, பாளயமிறங்க. 9. To get into the right road, நேர்வழியிலிறங்க. 1. To be brought down or reduced, தாழ்வடைய. 11. To abate--as fever commencing with the head and descending to the extremities, சுரமிறங்க. 12. To become reduced, or to descend--as bile in the system (which rising to the brain is supposed to cause mental derangement); hence to be cured of mental aberration, பித்தமிறங்க. 13. To subside--as animal poison in the system (which is supposed to descend from the head to the extremities), விடமிறங்க. கபாலநீர்கண்ணிலேயிறங்குகிறது. The humors of the head have descended into the eyes, causing cataract, depriving the person of sight, &c. ஒருதுறையிலிறங்கிவிட்டான். He has found a resting place; his mind is settled. இறங்காத்துறை, s. A place not convenient or proper for landing, or lodging. 2. (fig.) An improper marriage, connection, &c. இறங்குதுறை, s. A place of debarkation. 2. (fig.) Means, ways for effecting a thing, வழிவகை. இறங்குபொழுது, s. The time of sunset, சாய்பொழுது. இறங்குபொழுதிலேமருந்துகுடி. Take medicine when the sun declines; implying that the disease will thereby decline. இறங்குமிராசி, s. The six signs through which the sun passes in its southern course, சூரியனிறங்குமாறிராசிகள். இறக்கம், v. noun. Descending-as of food into the stomach; descent of a bird, a stream; debarkation from a boat, going down a ladder, &c., இறங்கு கை. 2. A descent, declivity, slope, declination, சரிவு. 3. A ford, இறங்குதுறை. 4. The drying up of the pustules in the small pox, measles and other similar diseases--so applied because it is supposed to begin at the head and to descend, அம்மைமுதலியவிறக்கம். 5. Paths and tracks of beasts in a jungle, மிருகங்கள் செல்வழி. நோயாளிக்குச்சோற்றிறக்கமில்லை. The patient is unable to swallow his food. இறக்கத்திலிருக்க, inf. To be in a low place, to be below. அவன்காரியம்இறக்கத்திலிருக்கிறது. His business is on the decline. இறங்கல், v. noun. The swelling of the glandula by an excess of wind, &c., அண்டமிறங்கல். 2. The subsiding of swelling, &c. from the head to the extremities, விக்கமிறங்கல். இறவு, v. noun. Lapse, passage, a place of descent, செல்கை. 5)
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