attiyaṭcaram (p. 13) s. The mysterious syllable O'm, ஓம். (p.) 11) *

aṉākatam (p. 33) s. [priv. அந், et ஆகத, beaten.] One of the six ஆதாரம் or mystical chakras, situated in the heart, ஆறாதாரத் தொன்று. Wils. p. 29. ANAHATA. (p.) 89) *

aṟu (p. 33) num. adj. Contraction of ஆறு, six, used in combination. அறுகால்--அறுபதம், s. A bee or beetle, வண்டு. (p.) அறுகாற்பீடம், s. A pedestal of an altar, or the altar sacred to மீனாட்சி at Madura--of mystic virtues. அறுகுணன், s. God, கடவுள். (p.) அறுகோணம், s. A hexagon, hexangular figure. அறுசரம், s. A sweet sounding lute. (p.) அறுசுவை, s. The six flavors. அறுதொழிலோர், s. Brahmans. See தொழில். (p.) அறுநூறு, s. Six hundred. அறுபது, s. Sixty, six times ten, அறுபான். அறுபத்துநாலடிச்சிந்து, s. The best kind of சிந்து, odes of sixty-four lines. அறுமீன்--அறுவாய், s. The pleiades regarded as six stars being the third lunar constellation of the Hindus, கார்த்திகைநாள். (p.) அறுமீன்காதலன், s. Skanda, கும ரன். அறுமுகன், s. Skanda, குமரன். 54)

aḷvu (p. 33) s. Measure, degree, proportion, quantity, magnitude, size, capacity, bound, limit, compass, number, standard, வரையறை. 2. The proper or required measure, the complement number, size, weight, &c., மட்டு. 3. With உம், it expresses a limited extent of measure, time, distance, &c., as அவ்வளவும், only so far, even so much. 4. Suffixed to participles, it means when, as soon as--as பார்க்குமளவில், as soon as seen. 5. A measure or thing to measure with, அளவுகருவி. There are four kinds of measurement; viz.: 1. எண்ணல், computation. 2. எடுத் தல், weight, measurement by balance. 3. முகத்தல், measurement of capacity--as dry of fluid measure. 4. நீட்டல், measurement of extension, a long measure and land measure.--Some add a fifth தெறித்தல், jerking with finger. இராசா அளவிற்கேறிற்று. It has gone up to (the limit of) the king; i. e. it is too late now to adopt measures to prevent it. காரியத்தளவிலேயொன்றுமில்லை. There is no importance in the thing--it matters not. குலத்தளவேயாகுங்குணம். According to the caste will be the disposition. அவன்வருமளவும். Till he comes. மேகமண்டலமளவும். As high as, or as far as the region of the clouds. என்னளவிலேயிப்படிநடந்தது. It has so happened to me; at least in my case, &c. தன்னளவிலே கொண்டாடிக்கொண்டான். He limited the feast to his own circle. அளவடி, s. A line containing four metrical feet, நாற்சீரால்வருமடி. அளவடிவிருத்தம், s. A விருத்தம் verse of four lines, each of which contains four feet, நேரடிவிருத்தம். அளவழித்தாண்டகம், s. A kind of poem, ஓர்பிரபந்தம். அளவறுக்க, inf. To find out, ascertain a number and decide, வரையறுக்க. அளவற்றது--அளவில்லாதது. appel. n. That which is beyond number, measure, weight, &c. அளவாக, inf. [used adverbially.] Moderately, to a limited extent, according to. அளவிட, inf. To estimate, calculate. 2. To guess, conjecture. 3. To measure, explore, fathom. 4. To investigate, examine, search into. அவனை அளவிடக்கூடாது. One cannot fathom him. அளவிடப்படாத, neg. rel. part. Incomprehensible. அளவிடை, v. noun. Measuring, admeasurement, அளவிடுகை. 2. Estimation, calculation, guess, மதிப்பிடுகை. 3. s. Weight, நிறை. 4. Capacity, extent of one's power. நிருவாகம். சத்துருவையளவிடைபார். Estimate an enemy's power. அளவியற்றாண்டகம், s. A kind of poem. அளவிறக்க, inf. To exceed the measure, the appointed limit, &c., எல் லைகடக்க. 2. To transgress, violate a rule, மீற. 3. To exceed all bounds, be immeasurable, inconceivable, எண்ணிறக்க. அளவிறந்தபொருள், s. Immense property beyond the power of calculation, a thing incomprehensible, a mystery. அளவின்மை, neg. v. noun. Immeasurableness, countlessness, immensity. அளவுகோல், s. A land measurer's rod. அளவுநாழி, s. A stamped measure. அளவுபடுத்த, inf. To measure, ascertain, to limit. அளவெடுக்க, inf. To take a measure, dimensions, &c., of a thing. அவ்வளவு--இவ்வளவு, s. So much, so many. அவ்வளவும், Even so much, only of far, that is all. எவ்வளவு, s. How much, how many. நேற்றளவு. Up to or till yesterday, in the course of yesterday. நேற்றையளவிலேசெய்தியிப்படி. The news were so up to yesterday. இன்றளவும். Until this day, in the course of to-day. 14)

ākkiṉai (p. 36) s. Order, command, mandate, the exercise of sovereign power and authority, கட்டளை. Wils. p. 17. AGNA. 2. Punishment, penalty, chastisement-generally corporeal, தண்டனை. 3. Severe or rigorous treatment, torture, ordeal, சோதனாதண்டனை. 4. One of the six ஆதாரம், Which see. எல்லோர்களுமெங்களாக்கினைக்குட்பட்டேவல்கே ட்டுநடக்கும்படிக்கு. In order that all may submit to our power, and act in obedience to our commands. ஆக்கினாசக்கரம், s. The discusweapon, as held by some ancient kings, in token of absolute and universal power. (See சக்கரம்.) 2. The mystical circle or diagram, described by the Tantras. ஆக்கினைசெலுத்த, inf. To exercise royal or other jurisdiction. ஆக்கினைப்பிரகாரம். According to command. 14)

ācamaṉam (p. 36) s. Sipping water before religious ceremonies, before and after meals, &c., from the palm of the hand and swallowing it. The ceremony is followed by touching various parts of the body. and repeating in Sanscrit short mystical expressions or incantations of homage to the respective gods, which are supposed to ward off evil and secure benefits, மந்திரத் தானீர்வாயிற்கொள்கை; [ex ஆ, et சமு, to eat.] Wils. p. 16. ACHAMANA. 32) *

ācāriyaṉ (p. 36) s. A spiritual teacher and guide, the Guru who initiates the disciples into the mysteries of his religion, குரு. 2. A master or teacher of science or general literature, a preceptor, doctor, professor, உபாத்தியாயன். 3. A name of Drona the military preceptor of the Pandavas and Gurus, துரோணாசாரியன். Wils. p. 16. ACHARYA. ஆசாரியபட்டம், s. The authority or title of a priest give him at his ordination. ஆசாரியபிஷேகம்--ஆசாரியாபிடே கம்--ஆசாரியாபிஷேகம், s. The anointing or ordination of a Guru or Priest. ஆசாரியபுருஷன், s. As ஆசாரியன். 51) *

āraṇam (p. 40) s. Sacred writings of the Hindus--the vedas, வேதம். 2. The sacred or mystic part of the vedas, வேதத் தின்ஞானபாகை. 3. One of the thirty-two auspicious words that may begin the first verse in a treatise, செய்யுட்குரியவோர்மங்கல மொழி. (p.) ஆரணவாணர், s. Brahmans, பார்ப் பார். (p.) ஆரணன், s. Brahma, பிரமன். 2. A brahman, பார்ப்பான். 3. Siva, சிவன். 4. Vishnu, விட்டுணு. (p.) ஆரணி, s. Parvati, பார்வதி. 2. Kali, காளி. (p.) 21) *

iyantiram (p. 47) s. A machine, an engine in general, any piece of mechanism, சூத்திரம். (See எந்திரம்.) 2. A diagram of a mystical nature or astrological character, சக்கரம். Wils. p. 68. YANTRA. 3. (p.) Engines set on fortifications--as weapons, bombs, &c., மதிலுறுப்பு. 4. A car, தேர். 5. A press for pressing sugar-cane, ஆலை. இயந்திரமயில், s. The mechanical peacock, caused to rise in the air by means of machinery. இயந்திரமியற்ற, inf. To form or construct machines, &c. (p.) 35)

irakaciyam (p. 48) s. A secret, mystery, any thing hidden or recondite, a religious or mystic truth, மறைவு. Wils. p. 699. RAHASYA. 2. (p.) Pudendum muliebra, verenda viriet muliebris, பெண்குறி. See இராசியம். இரகசியத்தானம், s. A private or secret place, மறைவிடம். இரகசியப்பொருள், s. A secret, a thing not to be revealed to improper or unworthy persons. இரகசியம்பேச, inf. To talk secrets. இரகசியமாய்ப்பேச, inf. To whisper. 34) *

irāciym (p. 50) s. A secret mystery, any thing hidden, recondite, மறைபொ ருள். 2. (p.) Pudendum muliebre, பெண் குறி. இராசியத்தானம்--இராசியஸ்தா னம், s. A secret place--as இரகசியத்தா னம். 2. The interior or secret place in the temple--the sanctum sanctorum, மூலஸ்தானம். 3. The women's apartments in the royal palace, the zenana, அந்தப் புரம். 4. The secret parts of men or women, மறைக்கப்படுமவயவஸ்தானம். (p.) 20) *

irukku (p. 50) s. The Rig or first Veda, முதல்வேதம். Wils. p. 168. RUCK, RIK or RIG. 2. The Vedas in general, வேதம். 3. A mantra, or mystical prayer, மந்திரம். (p.) 61)

ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

uṇmai (p. 59) s. Being, existence, entity, (opposed to இன்மை) உள்ளது. 2. Natural or intrinsic quality, essense, nature, இயல்பு. (p.) 3. Sincerity, honesty, probity, fidelity, uprightness, faithfulness, veracity, reality, fact, யதார்த்தம். 4. Certainty, ascertainment, மெய். 5. Oath, abjuration, சத்தி யம். 6. (p.) Destiny or entailment of actions issuing in joys and sorrows, ஊழ். 7. Wisdom, right knowledge, அறிவு. உண்மையானுண்டிவ்வுலகு. By the existence (of kindness, favor, politeness) the world is sustained. (குறள்.) நீயதற்குண்மைபண்ணிக்கொடுப்பாயா? Will you swear to it? உண்மைகண்டவன். One who has experienced the truth (of a religion). உண்மைத்தவறு, s. Falsification, உண்மைவழு. 2. Failure in moral rectitude, சன்மார்க்கவழு. 3. A breach of trust, நாணயப்பழுது. உண்மைத்தாழ்ச்சி, s. Unfaithful ness, breach of trust, உண்மைக்குறை. உண்மைத்தாற்பரியம், s. The real object, scope or design, யதார்த்தமானகருத்து. உண்மைத்துரோகம்--உண்மைப்பா தகம், s. A very flagrant breach of truth, flagitious crime of the guilt thus incurred, நம்பிக்கைத்துரோகம். உண்மைப்பட, inf. To become evident to the mind--as the deity to his worshippers, மெய்ப்பட. 2. To prove true --as religion, by means of the Shasters, arguments, miracles, &c., மெய்யாக. 3. To appear as a certainty to the exclusion of all doubt, hesitation, &c., நிச்சயப் பட. உண்மைப்படுத்த, inf. To prove or show to be true, மெய்ப்பிக்க. உண்மைப்பிடி, s. Tenacious adherence to a religion from a discovery of its truth. 2. Consistent and steady perseverance in religion. உண்மைப்பேதகம், s. Prevarication. 2. Breach of trust, unfaithfulness. உண்மைப்பொருள், s. The Deity, the real Being, as eternal, immutable, &c., மெய்ப்பொருள். 2. The meaning of the Vedas, or of a system of religion, உள்ளபொருள். உண்மையளவை, s. [in logic.] Ascertainment of a thing from the attributes or qualities affirmed of it--as when we hear that a stone attracts iron, we know that it is a magnet, பிரத்தியட்சப் பிரமாணம். உண்மையறிந்தவன், s. One who has discovered the reality, authenticity, mysteries, &c. of religion. 2. One who has experienced the truth, &c. of religion. உண்மையானதெய்வம், s. The true deity. உண்மையானவன், s. A man sincere in religion. 2. A man of probity. உண்மையுவமை, [in rhetoric.] A figure in which the simile is rejected, the reality being ascertained, மெய்யுவமை. 130) *

upatēcam (p. 61) s. [pref. உப.] Spiritual instruction, teaching, doctrine, போத கம். 2. (fig.) Advice in general, புத்தி. 3. The initiation of the pupil into the mysteries of his religion, சமயாசாரவுபதேசம். 4. A form of secret instruction, incantations, &c., given by the Guru to his disciple, on his admission into any of the four stages or degrees, மந்திரோபதேசம். Wils. p. 154. UPADESHA. குரூபதேசந்தவறாதவன். One who deviates not from the instructions of his Guru. உபதேசகலை, s. That portion of the Vedas which treats of the divine attributes, operations, &c. See ஆகமம், also தந்திரகலை and மந்திரகலை. உபதேசகன், s. A teacher, an instructor, போதகன். Wils. p. 154. UPADESHAKA. உபதேசஞ்சொல்ல, inf. To give spiritual advice in secret, according to the proficiency, attainments, devotedness, &c., of the disciple. 2. To give advice, to instigate, &c. உபதேசம்பண்ண, inf. To initiate one into the mysteries of the religion by teaching the formul&ae;, &c. மந்திரோபதேசம், s. Teaching the muntra to the disciple. ஞானோபதேசம், s. Instruction in religious mysteries, a catechism. 33)