aṉākatam (p. 33) s. [priv. அந், et ஆகத, beaten.] One of the six ஆதாரம் or mystical chakras, situated in the heart, ஆறாதாரத் தொன்று. Wils. p. 29. ANAHATA. (p.) 89) *

ākkiṉai (p. 36) s. Order, command, mandate, the exercise of sovereign power and authority, கட்டளை. Wils. p. 17. AGNA. 2. Punishment, penalty, chastisement-generally corporeal, தண்டனை. 3. Severe or rigorous treatment, torture, ordeal, சோதனாதண்டனை. 4. One of the six ஆதாரம், Which see. எல்லோர்களுமெங்களாக்கினைக்குட்பட்டேவல்கே ட்டுநடக்கும்படிக்கு. In order that all may submit to our power, and act in obedience to our commands. ஆக்கினாசக்கரம், s. The discusweapon, as held by some ancient kings, in token of absolute and universal power. (See சக்கரம்.) 2. The mystical circle or diagram, described by the Tantras. ஆக்கினைசெலுத்த, inf. To exercise royal or other jurisdiction. ஆக்கினைப்பிரகாரம். According to command. 14)

ācamaṉam (p. 36) s. Sipping water before religious ceremonies, before and after meals, &c., from the palm of the hand and swallowing it. The ceremony is followed by touching various parts of the body. and repeating in Sanscrit short mystical expressions or incantations of homage to the respective gods, which are supposed to ward off evil and secure benefits, மந்திரத் தானீர்வாயிற்கொள்கை; [ex ஆ, et சமு, to eat.] Wils. p. 16. ACHAMANA. 32) *

iyantiram (p. 47) s. A machine, an engine in general, any piece of mechanism, சூத்திரம். (See எந்திரம்.) 2. A diagram of a mystical nature or astrological character, சக்கரம். Wils. p. 68. YANTRA. 3. (p.) Engines set on fortifications--as weapons, bombs, &c., மதிலுறுப்பு. 4. A car, தேர். 5. A press for pressing sugar-cane, ஆலை. இயந்திரமயில், s. The mechanical peacock, caused to rise in the air by means of machinery. இயந்திரமியற்ற, inf. To form or construct machines, &c. (p.) 35)

irukku (p. 50) s. The Rig or first Veda, முதல்வேதம். Wils. p. 168. RUCK, RIK or RIG. 2. The Vedas in general, வேதம். 3. A mantra, or mystical prayer, மந்திரம். (p.) 61)

ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

umai (p. 62) s. Parvati, wife of Siva. பார்ப்பதி. Wils. p. 162. UMA. (p.) உமாகுரு, s. The Himalaya mountains. Wils. p. 162. UMAGURU. உமாசகிதன், s. Siva--as united with உமை who forms his left side, or according to the mystical philosophy, by means of whom he carries on his operations, சிவன்; [ex சகிதம், cohabiting.] உமாசுதன்--உமைமகன், s. Son of Parvati, as Ganesa, Skanda, or Veerapattra, உமையின்புதல்வன். Wils. p. 162. UMASUTA. உமாபதி--உமைகேள்வன், s. Siva, சிவன். Wils. p. 162. UMAPATI. 80)

entirm (p. 73) s. Engine, machine in general, சூத்திரம். 2. A hand-mill, திரிகை. 3. Sugar-cane press, ஆலை. 4. A kind of machine for separating the seeds from cotton, பஞ்சுகொட்டுமெந்திரம். 5. Sticks for producing fire by attrition, தீக்கடைகோல். 6. A potter's wheel, குலாலச்சக்கரம். 7. A car, carriage, chariot, தேர். 8. A conveyance artificially managed, ஊர்தி. 9. A mystical diagram in magic or astrology, written on metal or ola and worn on the arm or other part of the body--as a charm or amulet, மந்திரசக்கரம். 1. Engines, or other contrivances connected with a fortification to repel or exclude an enemy, மதிலுறுப்பு. See இயந்திரம் and யந்திரம். எந்திரகாரன், s. A machinist, சூத் திரகாரன். எந்திரமெழுதிக்கட்ட, inf. To write or engrave a diagram and fasten it on. எந்திரவாவி, s. A machine for drawing water, இலவந்திகை. 61)

kavacam (p. 97) s. Armor, mail, a jacket or coat-of-mail, சட்டை. 2. An incantation repeated for defence, ஓர்மந்திரம். An amulet, a charm worn as a defence from evil, phylactery, spell, காப்பு. 4. The mystical syllable hum, forming part of a mantra and considered as a preservative or armor inscribed or carried about the person as a charm, மந்திரத்தினோருறுப்பு. (p.) 5. (c.) A lute, a clayey composition with which chemists close vessels, சீலைமண். Wils. p. 24. KAVACHA. 6. A medicinal composition, used as a cover for medicines for reducing them to ashes,மருந்துக்கவசம். கவசகுண்டலன், s. The king கன் னன்-- said to have been born with a coat-of-mail and ear-rings, கவசத்தோடுங்கு ண்டலத்தோடும்பிறந்தகன்னன். கவசங்கட்ட, inf. To bind or restrain malignant deities, &c., by repeating the defensive incantations, as the initiatory part of the daily worship, in order to prevent their depriving the worshipper of the benefit, &c., மந்திரத்தினாற் காவற்பண்ண. 2. To cover or overspread with loam or clay, to lute, சீலையால்வாய் கட்ட. கவசந்தரிக்க, inf. To put on a coatof-armor. கைக்கவசம், s. A gauntlet, an iron glove used for defence. மெய்க்கவசம், s. A jacket, a coatof-mail. மார்க்கவசம், s. A breast-plate. தோட்கவசம், s. A leathern jacket. 3)

kuyyam (p. 124) s. That which is secret, mystical, hidden or private, மறைவு. 2. Pudendum muliebre, பெண்குறி. 3. Genitale virile, ஆண்குறி. 4. The anus, அபானவாயில். 5. Dissimulation, deceit, hypocrisy, கபடம். Wils. p. 294. GUHYA. குய்யபீசகம், s. The எட்டி tree, See குயபீசகம். 19) *

cāngkucittaṉ (p. 174) s. [prov.] One who is but partially enlightened, and applies to a Guru for instruction in the mystical parts of religion; being from one of the three classes eligible to study the Agamas, ஆகமம்படிக்குமூவகையாரிலொருவன். 52) *

cāttiram (p. 176) --சாஸ்திரம், s. Scripture, written works on science, philosophy, &c., கலைநூல். 2. Astrology, astronomy, சோதிடம். 3. Any of the mystical science for ascertaining and predicting future events, அதி நூல். 4. Divination, sooth-saying, prognostication by any of the mysterious arts, ஆரூடம். 5. Religious or other institutes as laid down in writings and considered, of divine origin or authority, including the Vedas, Agamas, Puranas, incantations, works on medicine, mathematics, law, mechanics, erotics, &c., வேதாகமமுதலி யன. 6. Any of the systems of philosophical theology--as the Sidhanta, the Vedanta, the Potanta, &c., வேதாங்கம். 7. Religious, ceremonial, or other rules, laws, precepts, &c., as laid down in the sacred writings, விதிப்பிரமாணம். W. p. 841. S'ASTRA.--Note. The three சாத்திரம் or systems of philosophical religion; are. 1. சாங்கியம், the Sankhya system, the founder of which was Kapila, maintaining that perfect bliss consists in the entire subjection of the three gunas, which proceeded from the threefold origin of the eternal, unoriginated Maya; 2. பாதஞ்சலியம், the Yoga philosophy, as taught by Pathanjali, distinguished from the ceremonial; 3. வே தாந்தம், the theological portion of the Vedas as contained in the Upanishads. The founder of this last school was Vyasa, and its most celebrated supporter was Sankaracharya. It makes the divine being the the soul of the Universe, and is a system of Pantheism. See வேதாந்தம். The six சாஸ்திரம் or philosophical systems are; 1. வேதாந்தம், theology, as the highest knowledge. (See above); 2. வைசே ஷிகம், the Vaiseshika doctrine, morality, or ethics, a branch of the Nyaya or logical school instituted by Kanada; 3. பாட் டம், the system of Bhatta'charya, in an epic poem containing narrations; 4. பிர பாகரம், ceremonial law; 5. பூருவமீமாஞ்சை, antiquity or works and actions of old times, elucidating the Karma-kanda of the Vedas, originating with the Muni Jaimini; 6. உத்தரமீமாஞ்சை, logic, the same as the Vedanta, founded on the Gnana-kanda, or theological portion of the Vedas, and treating of God as the soul of the Universe. It is ascribed to Vyasa. சாத்திரத்துக்குக் கொஞ்சங் கூட்டிக்கொள். Take a morsel for form's sake, (lit.) in order to conform to the shastra. சாத்திரக்காரன், s. An astrologer, a diviner, a soothsayer. 2. The author of a shastra, ஆக்கியோன். சாத்திரங்கேட்க, inf. To consult an astrologer or other diviner. சாஸ்திரக்கியன், s. A man of science, a learned man, a pundit, பண்டிதன். (R.) சாத்திரசாலை, s. A college. (R.) சாத்திரசித்தம், s. Sentiment, meaning, doctrine, &c., maintained in a shastra, நூலினாலுறுதிப்பட்டது. (p.) சாத்திரஞ்சொல்ல, inf. To foretell, prognosticate by astrology, augury, &c., to divine. 2. To assert authoritatively as the shastras, தீர்ப்பாயுரைக்க. சாத்திரதீட்சை--சாத்திரதீக்கை, s. Written instruction, the scriptures as one of the modes of enlightening the mind of a disciple. See தீட்சை. சாத்திரமுறை--சாத்திரவிதி, s. The precepts, injunctions, &c., of the shastras. சாத்திரம்பார்க்க, inf. To consult astrology, &c., at the birth of a child, for the site of a house, an undertaking, &c. சாத்திரம்பண்ண--சாத்திரஞ்செய்ய, inf. To make religious ceremonies prescribed in the shastras. சாத்திரி--சாத்திரவாதி, s. [com. சாஸ்திரி.] An astrologer, a soothsayer, a diviner, a prognosticator. 2. A doctor of Sanscrit literature. 35) *

cittar (p. 182) s. One of the eighteen classes of supernals, or demigods inhabiting the middle air or region between the earth and the sun, embracing several subdivisions, தேவகணத்தொருதிறத்தோர். 2. A class of magicians who, by the performance of certain mystical and magical rites, have acquired superhuman powers, being able to perform miracles; or one or more of the eight சித்தி, அஷ்டசித்தியடைந் தோர். 3. Ascetics who, by mystical and austere practices, have attained one or all of the five purposes: viz., the affluence, the form, or the society of the supernals, residence in the divine lokas; or identification with the deity, ஞானசித்தியடைந்தோர்; [ex சித்தி, success.] W. p. 924. SID'DHA. சித்தர்கணம், s. The classes of சித்தர். சித்தர்குளிகை, s. A magical pill giving power to fly. See under குளிகை. சித்தர்நூல், s. The science of medicine, வாகடம். 2. (R.) Treatises composed by சித்தர். பாம்பாட்டிச்சித்தர், s. A சித்தன் of note as an author, whose name is derived from playing with a snake. See பாம்பு. பதினெட்டுச்சித்தர், s. The eighteen celebrated சித்தர். நவகோடிசித்தர், s. The nine crores of சித்தர். நவசித்தர், s. The nine principal Siddhars. viz.: சத்தியநாதர், சதோகநாதர், ஆதிநா தர், அநாதிநாதர், வகுளிநாதர், மதங்கநாதர், மச்சேந் திரநாதர், கடேந்திரநாதர், கோரக்கநாதர், which see in their places. 62)

cuvar (p. 197) s. Heaven, paradise, the residence of Indra, தேவலோகம். 2. Sky, ether, ஆகாயம். 3. Splendor, beauty, அலங்காரம். 4. One of the three mystical words in the Gayatri repeated daily in the morning ceremonies, &c., காயத்திரியிலோருறுப்பு.--Note. The word signifies one of the divisions of the universe, the space between the sun and polar star, and region of the planets and constellations. W. p. 962. SVAR. (p) 33) *

cuvastikam (p. 197) --சுவத்திகம், s. A mystical kind of figure emblematical of fire (marked thus &x534d;) which formed in the lines of the body, &c., and is considered lucky, மங்கலவடையாளம். 2. One of the postures of the silent ascetic, placing each foot on the opposite thigh, and sitting erect, நவாசனத்திலொன்று. W. p. 964. SVASTIKA. (p.) சுவஸ்திகப்புள்ளி, s. The fire emblem --as a mark. சுவஸ்திகரேகை, s. As சுவஸ்திகம், 1. சுவஸ்திகாதனம், s. As சுவஸ்திகம். 28) *