aḥku (p. 1) pres. கிறேன், past அஃகி னேன், fut. வேன், inf. அஃக, v. n. To diminish, shrink; be shortened as a vowel; be reduced, as wealth, &c. குறைய. 2. To become closed or compressed, as a flower, umbrella, &c. சுருங்க. 3. To be acute, refined, as knowledge, நுண்மையாக. (p.) அஃகியதனிநிலை, s. The letter ஃ shortened. அஃகியவறிவு, s. Penetration, acumen, discrimination. 7)

akattiyaṉ (p. 2) --அகஸ்தியன், s. A poet and sage celebrated in the Ramayanam, Skandam and other works of antiquity. He is regarded as the former of the Tamil language which he is said to have learned of Skanda the son of Siva. He is also the reputed author of several works, still extant, in whole or in part, in the Tamil language; such as, a Grammar, Materia Medica, a work on Astrology, Astronomy, and several essays on the unity of the divine being, as opposed to the popular system of polytheism, &c. He is regarded as the son of both Mythra and Varuna by Urvasi; is represented to be of very short stature, and to have been born in a water jar. He is famed for having compressed and swallowed the ocean, for the sake of the celestials. Other wonderful stories are also told of him, and received with undoubted credence. He is considered as the regent of the star Canopus, குறுமுனி. Wils. p. 5. AGASTYA. அகத்தியர்குழம்பு, s. A famous compound cathartic. See குழம்பு. 6)

acai (p. 7) s. An-expletive, அசைநிலை. 2. Accent, இசைப்பிரிவு. 3. (c.) The cud, இரை மீட்பு. 4. (p.) Metrical syllable, செய்யுளுறுப்பா றினொன்று. There are two kinds of அசை, viz. (a.) நேரசை, when there is a single syllable, ஓரலகு. 1. When there is a long vowel, as ஆ. 2. When the vowel is short, as ழி. 3. When the short vowel is joined with a mute, as வெள். 4. When the long vowel is joined with a mute, as வேல். (b.) நிரையசை, When there is a compound syllable, ஈரலகு. 1. When two short vowels are joined, as வெறி. 2. When a short and long vowel are joined, as சுறா. 3. When two short vowels are joined with a mute, as in நிறம். 4. When a short and long vowel are joined with a mute, as விளாம். அசைச்சீர், s. A foot of one syllable, as நாள் and மலர். அசைச்சொல்--அசைநிலை, s. An expletive, அசைநிலைச்சொல். அசைபோட--அசையிட--அசை வெட்ட, inf. To chew the cud, to ruminate. அசையடி, s. One of the members of கலிப்பா. கலிப்பாவினோருறுப்பு. அசையந்தாதி, s. A poem in which the last syllable of one verse and the first of the succeeding are the same. 2)

aṭai (p. 8) கிறேன், ந்தேன், வேன், அ டைய, v. a. To approach, frequent, gain access to, reach, arrive at, சேர. 2. To obtain, get, enjoy, suffer, பெற. 3. v. n. To drift ashore, கரைசேர. 4. To apply for refuge or protection, take shelter with one, சரண்புக. 5. To subside, sink to the bottom, be deposited as a sediment, வண்டல் படிய. 6. To collect, adhere as dust, தூசி யடைய. 7. To be choked, filled up, inclosed, stopped up, தூர. 8. To be contiguous, adjacent, border upon, கிட்ட. 9. [prov.] To settle, become close, compact, hard--as bread not well leavened, sand by rain, &c., உரக்க. 1. To be preserved as pickles, &c., அடைகாயடைய. 11. To incline towards a color, நிறம்பற்ற. 12. To die, as a great or holy person, obtain bliss, absorption, &c., முத்தி, being understood. அடைகல், s. The anvil. அடைகாய், s. Pickled fruits, ஊறு காய். அடைகுறடு, s. An anvil. 2. Tongs. அடைகை, v. noun. Approximation, நெருங்குகை. 2. Attainment, acquisition, பெறுகை. அடைகோட்டை, s. A blockaded fort. அடைசொல்--அடைமொழி, s. A particle qualifying nouns, verbs, &c. அடைமாங்காய், s. Unripe mango cut in pieces salted and dried in the sun. அடையலர்--அடையலார், s. Opponents, foes, பகைவர். (p.) அடையல், s. Any thing settled, drifted, deposited. 2. All. 3. A verbal from அடை. கண்ணடைந்தபால், s. Milk partly spoiled from keeping. 20)

aṇai (p. 9) s. An artificial bank, dam or ridge for retaining water in fields, வரம்பு. 2. An embankment, causeway, (as Adam's bridge, so called,) அணைக்கட்டு. 3. A bank of a tank, river, sea shore, &c., கரைப்பொது. 4. Pillow, cushion, mattress, மெத்தை. 5. (c.) A support, prop, buttress; anything to recline or lean on, முட்டு. 6. Protection, help, assistance, accessoriness to a crime, &c., உதவி. 7. Accompaniment, attendance, adjunct, துணை. 8. A yoke of oxen with a prefix of number; as, ஓரணை, one yoke of oxen, ஈரணை, two yokes of oxen, மூவணை, three yokes of oxen. வெள்ளம்வருமுன்னேயணைபோடவேண்டும், Before the flood comes and the water rise, we must cast up the dam. அணைக்கட்டு, s. An anicut. அணைசொல், s. A word spoken to assist another, a prompting, துணைச்சொல். 2. An expletive, அசைச்சொல். அணையாடை, s. A clout or strip of cloth put under an infant, ஏணைத்துகில். 2. [local.] Cloth tied over the navel of an infant, தொப்புளிறுக்குஞ்சீலை. பஞ்சணை, s. The five kinds of beds, or mattresses. தலையணை, s. A pillow. புல்லணை, A layer of grass. பூவணை, s. A bed of flowers. முன்னணை, s. A crib, a manger. 2. The court before a house, the hall. 44)

aṉukkāṭṭ (p. 33) v. n. inf. [prov.] To appear slightly, சிறிதுதோன்ற. 2. To give a slight hint, சமிக்கைகாட்ட. தேவதையனுக்காட்டிற்று. The possession returned to him and showed a few and slight symptoms. காய்ச்சலனுக்காட்டிற்று. The fever was slight and of short duration. 105)

ammai (p. 21) s. The small pox as the sport of the goddess Parvati, வைசூரி. (c.) 2. Mother, a matron, தாய். (p.) 3. Parvati, பார்வதி. 4. Beauty, அழகு. 5. One of the eight beauties of versification, the use of very short sounds easily pronounced in verse, பாவினெண்வனப்பினொன்று. 6. The next birth or state, the next transmigration, வருபிறப்பு. 7. A nun or female recluse of the Jaina sect, தவப்பெண். அம்மைப்பால், s. Lymph of small pox pustules. அம்மையார்கூந்தல், s. See எலிச் செவி, a plant. அம்மைவடு, s. Small pox-pits. அம்மைவார்க்க, inf. To have the small pox. அம்மைவிளையாட்டு, s. The progress of the disease. 35)

arākm (p. 23) s. Insatiable desire, greediness, covetousness, இச்சையடங்காமை. 2. A tune, ஓர்பண். 3. The sound of certain notes on the lute, supposed to have some reference to a barren soil, பாலையாழ்த்திறம். 4. Red as a color, செவப்பு. See இராகம். 5. A succession of short letters in verse rapidly repeated, முடுகியல். 6. Gold, பொன். (p.) 39)

ari (p. 23) க்கிறேன், த்தேன், ப்பேன், க்க, v. a. To sift, separate larger and smaller bodies with the hand, sieve, riddle, &c., கொ ழிக்க. 2. To separate rubbish from dried leaves with the hand, in order to gather the latter for fuel, சருகரிக்க. 3. To beat and wash away, as flowing water on sand, or waves on the shore, washing away the earth and leaving the pebbles, &c. behind, நீர்மணலையரிக்க. 4. To wash rice, separate dust and grit from rice, &c., by washing; or particles of gold, silver, &c., கழுவிப்பி ரிக்க. 5. To gnaw as white ants and other vermin, செல்முதலியவரிக்க. 6. To corrode, as rust, &c., cut away, as caustics, consumemar, as moths, கல்ல. 7. To tease, vex by importunity, as creditors, an urgent child, &c., மனதையலைக்க. 8. To take away one's property by little and little, சிறிதுசிறிதாக க்கவர. 9. [in arith.] To divide, பங்கிட. அரித்துப்பிடுங்குகிறான். He teases or vexes by incessant entreaties, (lit.) he stings or bites as lice. மணிகளையரித்தெடுத்தான். He separated and took the precious stones. அரிகறையான், s. A teasing person, (lit.) a gnawing white ant. அரிபிளவை, s. A cancerous formation, constantly eating into the flesh, ஓர்வகைப்பரு. அரிபுழு, s. Worms constantly grawing and causing itching irritation, &c. (c.) அரிபெட்டி, s. A sieve or cullender, சல்லடை. அரிமணல், s. Fine sand. அரிப்பு, v. noun. Sifting, separating. 2. Nibbling, gnawing, &c. 3. Itching. 4. Corrosion. 5. Smartness. (c.) அரிப்பன்--அரிப்பான்--அரிப்புக் காரன், s. A sifter, one who sifts sand in the street, or the dust of the goldsmith. அரிப்புக்கூடை, s. A riddle.

arumai (p. 26) s. Rareness, scarceness, scantiness, அபூர்வம். 2. Preciousness, desirableness, pre-eminence. மேன்மை. 3. Difficulty, laboriousness, வருத்தம். 4. Impossibility, unattainableness, கூடாமை. 5. Delicacy, சிறப்பு.--Note. As an adjective, மை is dropped before a consonant with a change of that, when required in combination, and அரு may be changed into அரிய with or without து, or the last vowel may be dropped, and the first lengthened as in ஆருயிர், precious life. அருங்கலைநாயகன், s. Buddha, the lord of eminent sciences, புத்தன். அருங்கலைவினோதன், s. one devoted to learning; one whose time is spent in cultivating the arts and sciences. அருங்கிடை, s. Extreme hunger from long abstinence, &c., பட்டிணி. அருங்கிடைகிடக்க, inf. To be in a starving condition. அருங்கேடன், s. One who is imperishable, who will always prosper. (குறள்.) 2. (c.) A very treacherous man, a profligate wretch. அருங்கோடை, s. Vehement heat. 2. Severe drought. அருஞ்சிறை, s. Rigorous servitude, கடுஞ்சிறை. (Ram.) 2. Hell, நரகம். அருநரகம், s. A cruel hell. அருநிலை, s. Difficult standing said of a ford when impassable. அருநிழல், s. A slight shade. அருநெறி, s. A narrow or difficult way. 2. Gate-way or entrance. அருந்தமிழ், s. Elegant Tamil. அருந்தவம், s. Rigid austerities. அருந்தவர், s. Ascetics. அருந்தூதன், s. A tormentor, one who inflicts pain, வேதனைசெய்வோன். அருமருந்து, s. Nectar, அமிர்தம். In classical works, this in the form அருமருந்தன்னபிள்ளை is contracted to அருமந்த, precious as nectar, as, அருமந்தபிள்ளை. A very dear child, அருமந்ததேர். A very costly chariot. அருமறை, s. The sacred Vedas. Ell. 145. 4. அருமறைக்கொடியோன், s. A name of Dronácharya, the military preceptor of the Pandavas and Kurus, because of the Vedic device on his banner. அருமைப்படுத்த, inf. To make scarce, hard, difficult. 2. To impart reluctantly, make much of. அரும்பண்டம், s. A rare article, choice wares, valuable commodity. அரும்பிணி, s. An incurable disease. (நாலடி.) Ell. 118. அரும்பூட்டு, s. [prov.] A girdle, waist-string, necklace, &c., so short as scarcely to be brought to meet, a string, rope, &c., so short as to be tied with difficulty, a bow-string so short as to be liable to break if brought up too far, any thing too little, too short, too narrow, &c., எட்டாப்பூட்டு. 2. Difficulty in settling a negotiation, agreement, &c., இணக்கக்கூடாமை. 3. Entanglement, ensnarement, மோசத்திலகப்படுகை. 4. Forced connection in language, clauses disconnected or not joined naturally, difficult or unnatural; construction, தொடர்ச்சி யின்மை. சொற்களையரும்பூட்டாய்த் தொடுத்துப்பேசினான். He spoke in an unconnected manner. அரும்பொருள், s. Excellent advice, hard doctrine, a rare or difficult meaning. 2. A choice or precious article. அருவினை, s. A great sin. அருவினைகளைந்து. The five great sins. தெய்வமொருவனென்றேத்தி யொருமித்திருந்தால் அருவினைகளைந்துமறும். The five great sins will be forgiven him who worships the one God with singleness of heart. (கம்பன்.) 5)

aṟl (p. 33) s. Water,நீர். 2. Wave, ripple, &c., புனற்றிரை. 3. Black sand found on the sea-shore, &c., கருமணல். 4. Low jungle, சிறுதூறு. (p.) 5. v. noun. [ex அறு.] (c.) Ruin, destruction, extinction, நாசம். அறற்கருங்கூந்தற்பேதையணிகள். The jewels of the maiden whose hair hangs down in black and glossy braids. 48)

alai (p. 28) s. A wave, billow, கடற்றிரை. 2. A ripple, புனற்றிரை. 3. The sea, கடல். 4. Black sand washed by the waves, கரும ணல். (p.) அலைமகள், s. Lukshmi, இலக்குமி. அலையெடுக்க, inf. To rise as waves, அலையெழ. 2. To wash as waves, திரையலைச. அலைவாய்க்கரை, s. The very brink of the sea shore.

aḷ (p. 33) க்கிறேன், ந்தேன், ப்பேன், க்க, v. a. To measure, fathom, expore, estimate, அளவுசெய்ய. 2. To apportion, mete out, measure out, பங்கிட. 3. To extend, reach, எட்ட. விசும்பளந்தாண்டுநின்றிடுஞ்சிகரியை. The turrets which reached to the sky. மரக்காலைப்பாய்ச்சியளக்கிறான். He measures thrusting in the marcal; i. e. into the heap. பறைவெட்டியளக்கிறான்--பறைதட்டியளக்கிறான். He measures by striking off the excess of the grain. ஐயனளந்தபடி. As God allots. அளக்கை--அளத்தல், v. noun. Measuring. அளபு, v. noun. Measurement, அ ளவு. 2. The lengthening of the sound of a letter, அளபெடை. அளபெடுக்க, inf. To lengthen a letter, whether vowel or consonant, by the insertion of another short letter or mute, as the case may be, for the sake of the poetry, and sometimes for euphony, as, கழூஉ for கழு; மாத்திரைமிக் கொலிக்க. அளபெடை, v. noun. The lengthening of a letter chiefly for the sake of the verse. There are two ways of doing this. 1. உயிரளபெடை, the addition of a short vowel to a long one, either in the beginning, middle, or end of a word--as ஈஇ கை, gift--for ஈகை; படாஅ கை, banner--for படாகை; and குழூஉ, multitude--for குழு. Again this is divided into இயற்கையளபெடை, and செயற்கையளபெ டை. 2. ஒற்றளபெடை, the lengthening of the mutes, ங், ஞ், ண், ந், ம், ன், வ், ய், ல், ள், and ஃ by being repeated twice either in the middle or end of a word when they are placed after one or two short syllables, as அரங்கம், முரஞ்ஞ்சு, மண்ண்ணு, அம்ம்பு, கொள்ள்க, விலஃஃகி. அளப்பம்--அளப்பு, v. noun. Measuring, அளக்கை. 2. (fig.) Fate, destiny, ஊழ். 3. Needless repetition, chatter, அலப்பு. 4. Expressing dissatisfaction, முறுமுறுக்கை. வனிதையரளப்பிலர், The damsels are without number. அளப்பளக்க, inf. To repeat, use needless repetitions, prate, chatter, அ லப்ப. 2. To complain, grumble, express dissatisfaction, முறுமுறுக்க. அளப்பன், s. [prop. அலப்பன்.] A babbler, prater, chatterer, வீணாகப்பேசு வோன். 13)

ācamaṉam (p. 36) s. Sipping water before religious ceremonies, before and after meals, &c., from the palm of the hand and swallowing it. The ceremony is followed by touching various parts of the body. and repeating in Sanscrit short mystical expressions or incantations of homage to the respective gods, which are supposed to ward off evil and secure benefits, மந்திரத் தானீர்வாயிற்கொள்கை; [ex ஆ, et சமு, to eat.] Wils. p. 16. ACHAMANA. 32) *

āṇ (p. 38) s. A male of the human race, or inferior animals, ஆண்பாற்பொது. 2. The male of human species, man, ஆண்மகன். 3. (p.) Manliness, eminence, superiority, தலைமை. ஆணங்காய், s. The branched spadix of the flowers of a palm tree, ஆண் பனையின்காய். (c.) ஆணரி, s. Male jackall, ஓரி. ஆணாப்பிறந்தவன், s. A male, one born a male. ஆணாள், s. [in astrology.] The male division of the lunar asterisms, observed in horoscopes, ஆண் நட்சத்திரம். ஆணெழுத்து, s. A short vowel, or a short animated consonant, குற்றெழுத்து. ஆண்கிரகம், s. In the Hindu system of astrology, any one of the three planets, Mars, Jupiter, or the Sun, ஆண் கோள். ஆண்குறி, s. Membrum virile. ஆண்கூத்து, s. A male character in the drama. ஆண்டகை, s. A king, அரசன். 2. A manly person, சிறந்தோன்; [ex தகை, befitting.] (p.) ஆண்டகைமை, s. Manliness, fortitude, inherent bravery, வீரம். (p.) ஆண்டொழில், s. Exploits, mighty deeds, heroism. (p.) ஆண்டொழின்மைந்தன், s. Arjuna, அருச்சுனன். (p.) ஆண்பறவை, s. The cock, the male of any bird, சேவல். ஆண்பனை, s. The male of the palmyra tree. ஆண்பன்றி, s. A hog, boar, ஒருத் தல். ஆண்பாடு, s. The male energy, ஆண்குணம். 2. Man's affair or work. ஆண்பாடுபெண்பாடுபட்டது. The man and woman labored. ஆண்பால், [in grammar.] The masculine gender, male sex, புல்லிங்கம். 2. Masculine qualities, ஆண்டன்மை; [ex பால், class, nature.] (p.) ஆண்பிள்ளை, s. A male child, a boy, a person of the male sex in general. 2. A man of priority, a head-man. 3. A clever man, or a man of capacity. ஆண்பிள்ளைசிங்கம், s. A bold, heroic, intrepid man, one who does bravely, signalizes himself--a term of applause, வீரன். ஆண்மகன், s. An eminent man. 2. A man. 3. A husband. 4. A son. (p.) ஆண்மரம், s. The class of trees whose interior is hard, solid and suitable for timber, உள்வயிரமுள்ளமரம். 2. The செம்மரம். ஆண்மாரி, s. A masculine woman, a scold, a termagant, an amazon. ஆண்மை, s. Manliness, courage, fortitude, intrepidity, energy, manhood. 2. Strength, vigor, virility. 3. (p.) Truth, certainty. நானென்றவாண்மை. Presumption, selfconceitedness, pedantry. ஆண்வழி, s. Family descent in the male line, any peculiarity in the male line. 26)