krumm (p. 96) s. Act, action, moral actions involving future retribution, &c., கிரியை. 2. Actions of a previous birth, good or evil, entailed on the soul and resulting in the enjoyments and sufferings of the present or a future state, fate, destiny, முன்வினை. 3. Business, profession, occupation, attempt, essay, enterprise, தொழில். 4. Religious rites, duties, &c., stated, periodical, or otherwise, according to the rules of the shasters; moral duty, specific action, duty, obligation imposed by peculiarities of tribe or occupation, &c., வைதீகக்கிரியை. 5. Natural activity, self-moving energy, &c., இயற்கைச்சொல். 6. Religious actions --as connected with the hope of future recompense and as opposed to speculative religion--as explained in the Agamas, ஆகாயமிருகம். 7. [in grammar.] The object of actions, செயப்படுபொருள். 8. Magical enchantment of eight kinds, அஷ்டகருமம். (1.) வசியம். getting a person into one's own power, influence, &c. (2.) மோகனம், libidinous fascinations. (3.) தம்பனம், stopping, checking, restraining the powers of fire, the flowing of water, the ferocity of wild beasts, &c., making a spirit or person stand immovable in a place and depriving him on the power of speech, &c. (4.) உச்சா டனம், setting demons against one to ruin him by magical incantations, or dislodging them from persons or places. (5.) ஆகருட ணம், summoning or invoking a spirit or absent person visibly into one's presence. (6.) வித்துவேடணம், excitment to hatred. (7.) பேதனம், causing separation, dissension, discord. (8.) மாரணம், deprivation of life, killing either spirits or men. Wils. p. 197. KARUMA., and p. 198. KARUMAN. 9. Heat, உஷ்டணம். கருமஒழுங்குபெருமைக்களவு, rectitude of his actions is the measure of a man's dignity. கருமவரிசையால். For the attainment of an object-- (நாலடி.) கருமகர்த்தா, s. A doer, actor, performer. கருமஞ்செய்பவன். 2. [in grammar.] The agent, காரியகர்த்தர். கருமகாண்டம், s. A division of the Vedas, வேதநூலினோர்பகுப்பு. 2. A medical treatise of Agustya. See கன்ம காண்டம். கருமகாண்டிகன், s. One who practises the rites and ceremonies inculcated in the Vedas, கிரியாகாண்டிகன். கருமங்கட்டுப்பட, inf. To be contracted, accumulated, laid up, &c.--as sins for retribution in future births, வி னைகட்டுப்பட. கருமசண்டாளன், s. A villian, a scoundrel, a rogue, an abandoned wretch. கருமசம், s. Vice, atrocity, தீவினை. Wils. p. 197. KARMAJA. கருமசாங்கரியம், s. Community of wives, promiscuous or indiscriminate cohabitation, ஐக்கம். கருமஞானம், s. Knowledge and skill religious exercise and ceremonies. கருமத்தலைவர், s. Royal fortunetellers, astrologers, conjurers, foretellers of future events, வருங்காரியஞ்சொல்வோர். கருமத்தலைவன், s. a superntendent. 2. A minister, அரசர்க்குத்துணைவன். கருமத்துரோகம், s. Treachery, treason, villainy துரோகஞ்செய்யல். கருமநிவிர்த்தி, s. Ceremonies performed to expiate the evil deeds of former births in times of disease, &c. கருமபந்தம்--கருமபந்தனம், s. The tie or vinculum, கருமபாசம், Which connects the actions of a former birth with their fruits in after transmigrations. Wils. p. 198. KARMMABANTHANA. கருமபாகை, s. One of the three parts of the Vedas, relating to daily ceremonial rites, வேதத்தின்பொருட்பாகுபாட் டிலொன்று. See ஞானபாகை, and அருத்தபாகை. கருமபூமி, s. The part of the earth deemed most sacred in which Hinduism prevails and religious rites are regularly performed, வினைசெய்தற்குரியபூமி. Wils. p. 198. KARMMAB'HUMI. 2. A place of cremation, சுடுகாடு. கருமபூமிக்குரிமை, s. The six occupations of men, viz.: 1. வரைவு, marriage. 2. தொழில். trade. 3. வித்தை, study. 4. வாணிபம், merchandize. 5. உழவு, husbandry. 6. சிற்பம், the arts. கருமமுடிக்க, inf. To accomplish one's purpose. 2. To perform duties, rites, ceremonies, &c., especially the daily rites and duties of religion. கருமவியாதி, s. A lingering and afflictive disease, the result as supposed of atrocious deeds in previous births. கருமவேதனை, s. The results, actions-as births, bodies, pleasures, pains, &c., கன்மவாதனை. கருமாதி, s. Prescribed funeral rites for deceased ancestors, அந்தியேட்டிமுதலிய சடங்கு. கருமாதிகாரன், s. A ruler, a governor, கருமத்தலைவன். கருமாதிசெய்ய, inf. To perform funeral rites. கருமாத்துமா, s. A heinous sinner, one who has accumulated evil deeds either in a previous birth or the present. Wils. p. 199. KARMMATMAN. கருமாந்தம்--கருமாந்தரம்--கருமாந் தியம், s. The end of a funeral ceremony which continues for sixteen days. Wils. p. 199. KARMMANTA, KARMANTARA. கருமானுட்டானம், s. Performance of exterior rites as distinguished from the contemplative or internal ritual of the silent worshipper. Wils. p. 199. KARMMANUSHTANA. கருமானுபவம், s. Suffering evils from sins of previous births, கருமப்பய னுகர்ச்சி. கருமி, s. A person engaged in the ordinary external rites of religion who has not risen to the higher degrees, கிரி யைசெய்பவன். 2. One who performs pujah regularly, பூசைசெய்பவன். 3. An atrocious sinner, தீவினையுடையோன். Wils. p. 199. KARMMI. கருமேந்திரியம், s. The organs of action, கன்மேந்திரியம், Wils. p. 199. KARMENDRYA. துஷ்கருமம், s. A bad action. சற்கருமம், s. A good action. 154)

kalai (p. 96) s. A digit or one-sixteenth of the moon's diameter, a phasis, சந்திரன்பங்கு. 2. A minute portion of time equal to thirty காட்டை, or about eight seconds,காலநுட்பம். 3. The sixtieth part of a பாகை, or of onethirtieth of a zodiacal sign or one Indian hour, ஓர்பாகையிலறுபதிலொன்று. Wils. p. 2. KALA. 4. A specific power of any of the superior deities as manifested in an incarnation, or in the assumption of a form, human or other for any specific purpose, the manifestation of a deity, forms of the female energy of deity as they appear in nature, வித்தியாதத்துவமேழிலொன்று. 5. The arts and sciences of which sixty-four are enumerated. (see கலைஞானம்.) 6. Learning, erudition, literature, philosophy, வித்தை. 7. A treatise, a book, நூல். 8. (p.) A male deer, a stag, ஆண்மான். 9. Cloth, சீலை. 1. The manifestation of a demon in a person temporarily possessed, பேயாட்டம். 11. Any one of the eight parts of a வண்ணம், ode. 12. A shark, சுறாமீன். 13. Capricornus of the zodiac, மகரவிராசி. 14. The male of the red monkey, ஆண்முசு. 15. Breath passing from the nostrils, இடைப்பிங்கலை. 16. The branch of a tree, மரக்கொம்பு. (சது.) 17. The solid part of timber, வைரம். 18. A girdle, அரைப்பட்டிகை. 19. A woman's exterior girdle, consisting of seven strings of jewels, மேகலை. 2. Brightness, splender, பிர காசம். 21. Tissues, சவ்வு. கலாநிதி, s. The moon, சந்திரன். கலைகுறைய, inf. To decrease as divinity in an idol by the neglect of pujah, &c. 2. (fig.) [in contempt.] To be cashiered, degraded, to lose office, decrease--as prosperity. கலைக்கொம்பு, s. Stag's horn--also called கலங்கொம்பு. கலைஞர், s. Poets, bards, philosophers, the literati, புலவர். கலைஞானம், s. Philosophy, literature, universal knowledge, கல்வியுணர்வு. 2. The arts and sciences, being sixty four, viz.: 1. அக்கரவிலக்கணம், the knowledge of spelling and reading, orthography, the science of reading. 2. இலி கிதம், caligraphy, penmanship. 3. கணி தம், the art of computation, arithmetic, the science of numbers. 4. வேதம், the Hindu Veda or law. 5. புராணம், a class of sacred books comprising the whole body of Hindu theology. 6. வியாகரணம், grammar. 7. நீதிசாத்திரம், jurisprudence. 8. சோதிடசாத்திரம், astronomy, including astroloy. 9. தருமசாத்திரம், ethics, moral philosophy, code of laws. 1. யோகசாத் திரம், the knowledge of abstract or silent devotion, rules for religious and abstract meditations. 11. மந்திரசாத்திரம், A division of the Vedas in the first practical part; it includes prayers and hymns addressed to particular deities and used at particular sacrifices, and it also comprehends incantations in religion. magic, medicine, and every other art or practice in which enchantments are used. 12. சகுணசாத்திரம், the science of prognosticating by omens and augury. 13. சிற்ப சாத்திரம், architecture and mechanics, symmetry, shapes in general including sculpture, painting features, lines, hair, &c., of the human system, and their various effects on life. 14.வைத்தியசாத்திரம், science of healing, physic, pharmacy and surgery which may include restoration to life of the dead, the reunion of severed limbs. &c. 15. உருவசாத்திரம், physiognomy, the art of discovering the temper and foreknowing the fortune by the features of the face, metoposcopy, chiromancy, the art of foretelling the events of life by inspecting the hand, சாமுத்திரிகம். 16. இதிகாசம், history, traditional accounts of former events, heroic history--as found in the Bharata and Ramayana. 17. காவியம், epic poetry --as சிந்தாமணி, நைடதம், &c. 18. அலங்காரம், science of rhetoric. 19. மதுரபாடணம், eloquence. 2. நாடகம், dramatic science. 21. நிருத்தம், the art of dancing. 22. சத்தப் பிரமம், directions for the modulation of sounds. 23. வீணை, the art of playing on the lute or stringed instruments. 24. வேணு. the art of playing on the flute or pipe. 25. மிருதங்கம், the art of beating the tambourine. 26. தாளம், the art of beating the cymbals. 27. அத்திரபரிட்சை, archery, the art of throwing darts. 28. கனகபரிட்சை, the art of an assayer in gold, &c. 29. இரதபரிட்சை, the art of driving chariots, charioteering. 3. கசபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the marks of an elephant. 31. அசுவபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the marks of a horse. 32. இரத் தினபரிட்சை, the art of examining and choosing gems, knowledge of precious stones. 33. பூமிபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the different kinds of soil, rules for determining by the surface, the nature and depth of soils, underneath which water is to be found, &c. 34. சங்கிராமவி லக்கணம், military art, tactics. 35. மல்ல யுத்தம், wrestling, pugilism, gymnastics, athletic art, boxing. 36. ஆகருடணம், the art of calling or summoning by enchantment. 37. உச்சாடணம், exorcism, dislodging devils or exciting them to injure others. 38. வித்துவேடணம், exciting hatred between parties by magical spells-one of the eight performances of enchantment. 39. மதனசாத்திரம், erotics, modus coeundi. 4. மோகனம், libidinous fascinations occasioned by enchantment. 41. வசீகரணம், the art of subduction by magic, the art of bringing one over to another's side or interest by enchant ment. 42. இரசவாதம், alchymy and chemistry. 43. காந்தருவவாதம் the knowledge of the condition of the celestial choristers. 44. பைபீலவாதம், the language of brute creatures from emmets upwards. 45. கவுத்துகவாதம், the art of restoring pleasure to a sorrowful mind. 46. தாதுவாதம், the knowledge of the pulse. 47. காரூடம். charms, incantations against poison. 48. நட்டம், information respecting any thing lost obtained by astronomical calculations. 49. முட்டி, information respecting any thing concealed in the palms of the hand (lit. in the fist.) 5. ஆகாயப்பிரவேசம், the art of entering into the air and becoming invisible. 51. ஆகாயமனம், the art of walking in the air. 52. பரகாயப்பிரவேசம், the power of leaving one's own body and entering another lifeless body or substance at pleasure. 53. அதிரிசயம், the power of making one's self invisible. 54. இந்திரசாலம், the art of conjuring, juggling, &c. 55. மகேந்திர சாலம், the art of performing wonders in heaven and earth. 56. அக்கினித்தம்பம், restraining the action of fire. 57. சலத் தம்பம், The art of counteracting the yielding quality of water so as to be able to walk on its surface. 58. வாயுத்தம்பம், the art of restraining the power of the wind. 59. திட்டித்தம்பம், the art of fascinating the eyes. 6. வாக்குத்தம்பம், the art of fascinating the mouth. 61. சுக்கிலத் தம்பம், the art of restraining the semen virile. 62. கனனத்தம்பம், the art of preventing the discovery of things concealed. 63. கட்கத்தம்பம், the art by which the power of sword or any other weapon is nullified. 64. அவத்தைப்பிர யோகம், the power of stationing the soul at pleasure, in any of the five stages in full energy by virtue of abstract devotion for converse with the deity. See அவத்தை. கலைநாதன், s. Argha, a divinity of the Jainas. கலைநாயகன், s. Budha, புத்தன். (திவாக.) கலைமகள்--கலைமடந்தை, s. Sarasvati--as the patroness of the arts, சரச்சுவதி. (p.) கலைமலைவு, s. Any thing contrary to the shasters, சாஸ்திரவிரோதம். கலைமான், s. A stag. கலையானத்தி--கலையூர்தி, s. Durga, துர்க்கை, (p.) கலையினன், s. The moon, சந்திரன். (p.) கலையுணர்த்துவோன்--கலையுணர்பு லவன், s. Skanda, கந்தன் (p.) கலையேற, inf. To increase as divinity in an idol with the increase of pujah, incantations, &c. 2. [in reproach.] To become arrogant by prosperity, promotion, &c. கலையோத, inf. To learn science, to acquire knowledge, நூலோத. கலைவல்லோர், s. Poets, philosophers, the learned, புலவர். வடகலை, s. The Sanscrit language. தென்கலை, s. The Tamil language. 272)