ciravam (p. 185) s. The ear, காது. W. p. 861. S'RAVA. 2. (சது.) A partridge, கவுதாரி. (p.) 57) *

cīriṭm (p. 190) s. [in combination.] Head--as மிருகசீரிடம், தலை. 2. (R.) The tree, வாகை. 121)

camukar (p. 163) s. Presence, a Sanscrit word used in temples, to announce the attendance of distinguished persons before the idol. Sa. Samukha. (p.) 46)

cikuram (p. 181) s. Hair of the head of either male or female, மயிர்ப்பொது. W. p. 324. CHIKURA. (p.) 39) *

civam (p. 187) s. Liberation from births, eternal bliss, the true heaven, முத்தி. 2. Spiritual good, நன்மை. 3. Excellence, உயர்வு. (சது.) 4. (சிவ. சி.) The highest state of deity, in which he assumes no form, but is a pure spirit, in perfect quiescence; free from passions, and emotions, eternally and inconceivably happy; in whom the soul liberated from மலம், and birth, becomes absorbed as a drop of water in the ocean, சுயஞ்சிவம். 5. The twentieth of the twentyseven yogas, நித்தியயோகத்தொன்று. 6. One of the five சிவதத்துவம். 7. A measure--as குறுணி. சிவகதி, s. Liberation from births, final bliss, மோட்சம். சிவகதிக்கிறைவன், s. Siva, as god of bliss, சிவன். 2. Argha of the Jainas, அருகன். சிவஞானம், s. Divine knowledge as connected with the Saiva religion, the abstract knowledge of Siva as the deity, பதிஞானம். 2. Divine knowledge or wisdom as possessed by the Supreme, தெய்வஞா னம். 26)

camayam (p. 162) s. A convenient, suitable or proper time; leisure, convenience, opportunity, தருணம். 2. Time, season, occasion, juncture of time; emergency, extremity, காலம். 3. Any religious persuasion, faith or system, மார்க்கம். (c.) W. p. 894. SAMAYA. --Note.. There are twelve principal religious systems, of which six are approved and six rejected by the Saiva sect. 1. உட் சமையம், or the six systems considered orthodox by the Saivas are. 1. வைரவம், making Bhairava supreme. 2. வாமம், regarding the female principle in nature, as the primeval form of deity, and teaching the worship of the generative female organ. 3. காளாமுகம், similar to the வாமம். 4. மாவிரதம், teaching that the deity is a pure spirit. 5. பாசுபதம், similar to மாவிரதம். 6. சைவம், Saivism, which teaches that the deity is both spirit and matter; assuming forms for accomplishing his purposes. II. புறச்சமயம், or the six heterodox systems; viz.:-- 1. உலகாயதம். A species of Atheism regarding sensual gratifications as the chief good, as taught by the atheistical school of Charvaka. 2. புத் தம். Bhuddism, which rejects the notion of a Supreme being, maintains that all material existences proceed from a fortuitous combination of the four primitive elements, (earth, water, fire, and air,) and that mental phenomena are the mere results of organization. It regards Bhudd as a deified teacher and object of worship. 3. சமணம். The Jaina system which is a modification of Bhuddism, and regards Argha as the deified preceptor and object of worship. 4. மீமாஞ்சை. A system that regards Brahm as the soul of the universe. 5. பாஞ்சாரத்திரம். A system taught by Vishnu, during five successive nights. 6. பாட்டாசாரியம். The system of Battacharya whose followers regard the Vedas as god, and consider that virtuous actions of themselves result in felicity. III. Other systems derived from these twelve or in some respects similar to them are very numerous, some of them are கபாலம், சவுத்திராந்திகம், யோகசாரணம், ஆத்துமிகம், வைபாடிகம், நிகண்டவா தம், நையாயிகம், வைசேஷிகம், பதஞ்சலியம், சாங்கியம், சித்தாந்தம், வேதாந்தம், &c. The six orthodox systems among the Vaishnuvas are 1. யாதவம், that of Yádava Misra. 2. மாயாவாதம், that by Sankarachárya. 3. இரணியகர்ப்பம், that by Hiranyagarbha. 4. இராமானுசீயம், that by Rámánuja. 5. பாஸ்கரம், that by Bhaskara. 6. தத்துவவாதம், that by Mádhavácharya. சமயகருமம், s. Rites and duties of religion, மார்க்காசாரம். சமயகாரியம், s. Questions, matters, &c., of theology; religious concerns, subjects, &c. சமயக்கட்டு, s. Religious obligation. See கட்டு. சமயக்கொள்கை--சமயக்கோட்பாடு, s. Religious opinions, tenets, &c. சமயசாத்திரம், s. The theology of a sect. 2. Religious writings or shastras. சமயதீட்சை, s. The ceremony of initiating a disciple in the mantras, &c., peculiar to the sect. See தீட்சை. சமயத்தார், s. The followers of a religious system. சமயங்கடக்க, inf. To transcend all religions--as the supreme being. (p.) சமயநிந்தை, s. Scoffing at religion, profaneness, blasphemy, &c. சமயநிலை, s. The commands, tenets of a religion. 2. Religion as observed, believed, practised, &c., by its professors. சமயநூல், s. The religious writings of a sect. சமயப்பற்று, v. noun. Attachment to a religion. சமயபத்தி, s. Religious devotedness to a creed. சமயபேதம், s. Heresy, heterodoxy. 2. Diversity of religions. 3. Schism. 4. (c.) Unseasonableness. சமயபேதி, s. A heretic. 2. Schismatic. 3. One of another religion. சமயப்போலி, s. A spurious system of religion. (p.) சமயப்போக்கு, v. noun. The substance, scope, &c., of a religion. (Little used.) சமயமதம், s. Bigotry, enthusiasm, conceit in religion. சமயமதங்கொண்டாட, inf. To be enthusiastic, to act the bigot. சமயமானம், s. A natural regard to one's own religion. (c.) 2. (Rott.) Constancy or firmness in a religion. சந்நியாசிக்குஞ் சாதிமானஞ் சமயமானம்விடாது.... The ascetic who has relinquished every thing will not relinquish his caste or sect. சமயவாதம், s. Religious controversy. சமயவாதி, s. A disputant for religion. 2. A professor of religion. சமயாசாரம், s. The rites and ceremonies, of a religion according to a prescribed institute. 2. Religious practice, observance of rites. (c.) சமயாதீதன், s. The supreme Being-as transcending all religions, சமயங்கடந்த கடவுள். (p.) சமயி, s. [com. சமயத்தான்.] A religionist, a sectarian, the follower of any religion, sect, &c., a sectary. (p.) சமயமாயிருக்கையில், [adverbially.] At a particular juncture, in an emergency. சமயங்கடத்த, inf. [prov.] To while away time, to loiter. சமயங்கிடைக்க, inf. To obtain an opportunity. (c.) சமயங்கெட்டவேளை, s. An unseasonable time. (Limited usage.) சமயத்துக்குதவ, inf. To help in an emergency. சமயம்பார்க்க--சமயந்தேட, inf. To watch an opportunity. சமயாசமயம், s. Urgent or pressing occasion, unfavorable opportunity. (c.) தற்சமயம், s. The very juncture or moment. 2. A special opportunity. நற்சமயம், s. A good opportunity. சமயந்தப்பிவந்தான். He came unseasonably. சமயத்திலே கையைவிரித்தான். He refrained from helping in time of need. 2) *

cāmam (p. 177) s. A watch of seven and a half நாழிகை, or three hours, making eight to the day, or four from sun set to sun rise, and vice versa, ஏழரைநாழிகைகொண்ட காலம்; [a change of யாமம்.] 2. Midnight, இடைச்சாமம். 3. W. p. 263. KSHAMA. Famine, dearth, பஞ்சம். (c.) 4. The third of the four Vedas, the prayers of which are composed in metre to be chanted, சாமவேதம். 5. Conciliatory measures, the first of the four உபாயம், or means of dealing with a hostile or invading power, ஓருபாயம். W. p. 919. SAMA.. 6. W. p. 68. S'YAMA. Green color, greenness, பச்சை. 7. Blackness, a dark blue color, கருமை. 8. Night, the gloom of night, இரா. 9. The grass, அறுகு. 1. (See சாமி.) Gold, பொன். சாமக்காரர்--சாமங்காக்கிறவர்கள், s. Patrol, nightly watchers, as succeeding each other at each watch. சாமக்கோழி, s. The cock, as indicator of the midnight watch; midnight cockcrow. (c.) நடுச்சாமம்--பாதிச்சாமம், s. Midnight. இடிசாமம், s. See இடி, v. n. பெருஞ்சாமம், s. The major watch of seven and a half நாழிகை. சிறுசாமம், s. The minor watch of three and three-quarter நாழிகை, or one hour and a half. சாமகாலம், s. A time of famine or scarcity, பஞ்சகாலம். (c.) சாமத்துரோகி, s. One illiberal in time or scarcity, a treacherous or cruel person. (c.) சாமகானம், s. Chanting the tunes of the சாமம் Veda, சாமவேதம்பாடல். (p.) சாமோபாயம், s. As சாமம், 5. [ex உபாயம், measure.] இராநாலுசாமமும்பகல்நாலுசாமமும். Through the whole night and day; the four watches of the night, and the four watches of the day. வெகுசாமஞ்சென்றுபோயிற்று. Much time has elapsed; or it is very late. சாமபரியந்தம். During a watch. 29)

cktāmtti (p. 153) s. The தகரை plant. 18)

cāntapaṉam (p. 176) s. A kind of light fast, eating curds, &c., for a day, and abstaining from food the next day. A severer kind is to feed on பஞ்சகவ்வியம் or some one article for six successive days with entire fasting the seventh day, ஓர்தபவிரதம். W. p. 918. S'A'NTAPANA.--not used in Tamil. 47) *

cciym (p. 156) s. A timber tree--as மராமரம், ஆச்சா. 2. The கஞ்சா plant. 3. A plant called நிலப்பனை. (M. Dic.) 42) *