ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

tattuvam (p. 223) s. W. p. 363. TATVA. The real or essential nature of things (corporeal and spiritual), குணம். 2. The soul of the universe. 3. The soul of man as part of the preceding. 4. Truth, reality, substance, உண்மை. 5. Elementary principles; property, qualities; constituent principles; in nature; operations, whether of deity or of creatures, including elements, bodily and mental organs, faculties; matter, &c., பிருதுவிமுதலியகருவிகள். 6. Physiology, natural philosophy, works treating on physics, தத்துவநூல். 7. Power, authority, அதி காரம். 8. Bodily vigour, strength, சத்தவர். 9. Sexual energy or appetite--differing according to age, constitution, &c., இந்திரி யசத்தி. (c.) 1. [prov.] Letters of administration, &c. (See தத்துவக்கடுதாசி.) 11. Characteristics of persons as regards their bodily powers, color, formation, physiognomy, sexual appetite, &c., on the principles of erotics, குறிப்பு. தத்துவம், 96. The ninety-six qualities, or properties of things; 1. பூதம். 5, the five elements. 2. பொறி, 5, five organs of sense. 3. புலன், 5, five objects of sense. 4. கன்மேந்திரியம், 5, the five organs of action. 5. ஞானேந்திரியம். 5, the five organs of perception. 6. அந்தக்கரணம் or அந்தரிந்திரியம், 4, the four intellectual faculties. 7. அறிவு. 1, intelligence, intellect, one. 8. நாடி, 1, the ten arteries, &c. 9. வாயு, 1, the ten vital airs. 1. ஆசயம், 5, the five receptacles for the humors, &c. 11. கோசம், 5, the five sheaths or investitures of the soul. 12. ஆதாரம், 6, the six fundamental station of the soul. 13. மண்டலம், 3, the three regions in the body in which the sun, moon and fire, have their respective influences. 14. மலம், 3, the three principles of moral evil, as causes of actions, enjoyments and sufferings. 15. தோஷம், 3, the three humors of the body. 16. ஏஷணை, 3, the three chief desires. 17. குணம், 3, the three natural principles. 18. விகாரம், 8, the eight predominant passions. 19. வினை, 2, the two accumulations of moral actions. 2. அவத்தை, 5, the five states or stations of the soul. Authors differ in these divisions. According to the சதுரகராதி. they are as follows: பூதம், 5, five elements. 2. புலன், 5, five organs of sense. 3. ஞானேந்திரியம், 5, five organs of perceptions. 4. கருமேந் திரியம், 5, five organs of action. 5. கரணம், 4, four intellectual faculties. These twenty-four are called ஆன்மதத்துவம் or powers of the soul. 6. நாடி, 1, arteries, nerves. ten 7. அவத்தை, 5 states or stations of the soul, five. 8. மலம், 3, principles of moral evil, as sources of actions, enjoyments and sufferings, &c., three 9. குணம், 3, qualities in nature, three. 1. மண்டலம், 3, regions in which the sun, moon and fire have their respective influence, three. 11. பிணி, 3, humors of the body, three. 12. விகாரம், 8, predominant passions, eight. 13. ஆதாரம், 6, receptacles or stations of the soul, six. 14. தாது, 7, constituent or elementary parts of the body, seven. 15. வாயு, 1, vital airs, ten. 16. கோசம், 5, sheaths or investitures of the soul, five. 17. வாயில், 9, passages, avenues and inlets of the body, nine. For particulars of the above, see the respective terms in their places. தத்துவமறிந்தவன்தவசி. A genuine ascetic is one that knows all physical principles. தத்துவக்கடுதாசி, s. [prov.] Letter of administration. 2. Power of attorney. 3. Warrant. 4. Writ or authority of proxy. (Juffna usage.) தத்துவக்கட்டளை, s. Hindu physiology. தத்துவசாஸ்திரம், s. The philosophy of nature--as a science; physics, physiology, metaphysics, ontology. தத்துவசுத்தி, s. Purifying the faculties, members, organs, &c., by the use of water and incantations. தத்துவஞானம், s. Knowledge of the principles by which the soul is enthralled, and kept from union with the deity. தத்துவஞானி, s. A truly wise man, one acquainted with the ninety-six தத்துவம், and their various modifications. தத்துவதரிசனம், s. Knowledge of the mental, physical and other powers of nature. தத்துவதிரையம், s. A metaphysical trial; God, spirit, matter. (See திரிபதார்த் தம்.) 2. The three classes of faculties or powers. 1st. ஆத்துமசத்துவம். 2d. சிவ தத்துவம். 3d வித்தியாதத்துவம். தத்துவநூல், s. Works treating on physics. தத்துவபேதம், s. Difference of one power or faculty form another. தத்துவபிரகாசம்--தத்துவவிளக்கம், s. Works on metaphysics, physiology, &c. தத்துவவாதம், s. A system of religion that regards nature as god. தத்துவவாதி, s. A professor of the தத்துவவாதம், system. தத்துவன், s. Siva, as lord of all powers, சிவன். 2. Argha of the Jainas, அருகன். தத்துவாகமம், s. A book of physics, chiefly anatomical, அங்காதிபாதம். தத்துவாதி--தத்துவாதிகள், s. A class or division of the brahman caste, பிரா மணரிலொருவகுப்பு, They are commonly called தத்துவாரிப்பிராமணர். தத்துவாதீதன், s. God, as not dependent on powers and faculties, கடவுள்; [ex அதீதம்.] வாலதத்துவம், s. [prov. commonly பா லியதத்துவம்.] Juvenility. இளந்தாரித்தத்துவம், s. Vigor of youth. உடற்கூறானதத்துவம், s. The constituent parts and physical construction of the body. 45)