akppāṭṭuṟuppu (p. 2) s. The twelve members of அகப்பொருள் or அகத்திணை, viz. 1. இயல்பகத்திணை. Method of defining a thing or showing its nature, quality, &c. 2. வகையகத்திணை. Amplification, or detailing at large what has been said briefly. 3. பொதுவகத்திணை. The rule for summing up or recapitulating. 4. சிறப்பகத்திணை. The rule for discriminating, or explaining the difference of things. 5. உவமவகத்திணை. The rule for illustrating a subject by metaphors, comparisons, &c. 6. புறநிலையகத்திணை. The rule for exemplifying a subject by examples. 7. எதிர்நிலையகத்திணை. The rule for elucidating a circumstance by its opposite. 8. காரண or கருவியகத்திணை. Showing the condition or quality of a thing by its orginal cause. 9. காரியவகத்திணை. Proving a thing by its effects. 1. காரகவகத்திணை. The rule for relating an action, event, &c., to which belong the following:-- 1. செய்பவன், who. 2. செய்தொழில், what. 3. கருவிகள், by what helps. 4. பயன், why. 5. இடம் or நிலம், where. 6. காலம், when. 7. திறன், in what manner or how. 11. முன்னவையகத்திணை. The rule for foretelling events from signs. 12. பின்னவையகத்திணை. The rule for foretelling the consequences of any action. (p.) 17)

akmārkkm (p. 2) s. Singing in a low, deep voice without opening the mouth. In திவா, defined by அருமையிற்பாடல். (p.) 24)

aṟu (p. 33) க்கிறேன், த்தேன், ப்பேன், க்க, v. a. To cut off, part asunder, cut or break off as a string, வெட்ட. 2. To reap, நென்முதலியனவரிய. 3. To disjoin by cutting or untying--as the marriage string, to separate, sever, நீக்க. 4. To extirpate, exterminate, வேரோடழிக்க. 5. To saw asunder, வாளாலறுக்க. 6. To kill by severing the wind-pipe of beasts, &c., to slay, கழுத் தறுக்க. 7. To burrow, excavate, form subterraneous passages, வளைதோண்ட. 8. To mould bricks, செங்கல்லறுக்க. 9. with கண க்கு.] To settle accounts, தீர்க்க. 1. [with வகை.] To explain, define things clearly, finish a dispute, தீர்மானிக்க. (c.) அறுத்தகோழி துடிக்குமாப்போல். Agitated (with sorrow, anxiety, &c.,) as a fowl with its throat cut. அறுத்தறுத்தப்பேசுகிறான். He speaks distinctly. 2. He speaks decisively. 3. He uses cutting words. தடையறுத்துக்கொடுப்பேன். I will remove the obstacles, obviate objections, break the enchantments which prevent success --as in fishing, &c. வீரனுமவன்றலையறுத்தான். And Veeran cut off his head. இருளறுத்தெழுங்கதிர். The rising sun which exterminates the darkness. அறுமணை, s. An instrument for cutting vegetables, fish, &c. 2. A slut, slatterer. 3. A woman ugly or deformed in features. (c.) அறுவடை, v. noun. The act of reaping the corn. அறுவரி, s. A tax paid at fixed times. அறுவிதி, s. Decision. வழக்கறுக்க, inf. To decide a case. ஆடறுக்க, inf. To slay sheep. அறுப்பு, v. noun. Sundering, separating, cutting a part, reaping, &c., அரிகை. 2. A piece, section, அறுத்ததுண்டு. 3. An imprecation of widowhood--in allusion to the sundering of the marriage ornament at the death of the husband, தாலியறுக்கை. 4. The opening of a wound, an open cut, &c., அறுவாய். 5. The opening made in sawing a piece of timber, மரமுதலியவையினறுவாய். 6. Confutation, refutation of another's arguments, ஆட்சேபிக்கை. அறுப்புக்காலம், s. The time of harvest. அறுப்புண்க, inf. To be cut asunder, to be divided, be severed by cutting. 56)

alaṭciyam (p. 27) v. noun. [priv. அ.] Undistinguishableness, undefinableness, வி யப்பின்மை 2. Meanness, contempt, கனவீனம். Wils. p. 73. ALAKSHYA. அலட்சியம்பண்ண, inf. To despise, contemn. 42)

aḷvai (p. 33) s. Measure, a definite quantity, அளவு. 2. Bound, limit, எல்லை. 3. A measure, or thing to measure with, அளவுக்கருவி. 4. A medium of knowledge, காட்சிமுதலியபிரமாணங்கள். 5. The name of a logical work, அளவைநூல். 6. Day, நாள். There are eight ways of obtaining the true knowledge of a thing or occurrence; viz.: 1. காட்சி, by the senses, especially the sight--by experiments, பிரத்தியட்சப்பிர மாணம். 2. அனுமானம், by inference, by drawing conclusions from what has been admitted or is supposed true--as நெருப்பிற்கு வியாப்பியம் புகையென்றறிதல், where smoke is, there is fire. 3. ஆகமம், by the testimony or assertions of great men, either orally or in writing, பெரியோர்வாய்ச்சொல். 4. அரு த்தாபத்தி, by deduction established from premises, அந்நியதாவநுபபத்தி--as இரவிலுணவி ல்லாமற் பகலுண்ணாதவனுக்குப் பருத்தல்கூடாதென் னுமுணர்ச்சி. 5. உவமானம், by similarity or likeness, comparison, மரை பசுப்போலென்னுமு ணர்ச்சி. 6. அபாவம், proof of non-existence-as முன்னில்லை, பின்னில்லை, முழுதுமில்லை, ஒன்றி ன்மற்றொன்றில்லை. 7. ஐதீகம், by traditional testimony--as இம்மாத்திற்பேயுளதென்பது, this tree is haunted by the devil. 8. சம்பவம், proof of co-existence--as ஆயிரத்தினூறுண்டெ னல், where a thousand is, there is a hundred. (p.) அளவையாகுபெயர், s. A metonymy in reference to measure, weight, number, &c. In Nannool, four kinds are given, எண்ணலளவையாகுபெயர், எடுத்தல ளவையாகுபெயர், முகத்தலளவையாகுபெயர், and நீட்டலளவையாகுபெயர். 15) *

āl (p. 43) . The chief form of the third case, or instrumental ablative--implying cause, agency, instrumentality, expressing by, by means of, with, by way of, in consequence of, மூன்றாம்வேற்றுமையுருபு. 2. A poetic expletive, usually annexed to the finite verb, also to nouns, அசைச்சொல். 3. A form of the subjunctive, joined to the gerund, or in poetry, to the finite verb, expressing if, வினையெச்சவிகுதி. 4. An optative termination expressing may, let, &c., வியங்கோள் விகுதி. 5. A negative form of the optative--as அழால், don't weep. 6. A form of affirmation, for yes, ஆமெனல். This definition, though given in Saturagarady and Negundu, is not proved by examples. 7. A form of the third case, expressing each, every, distributively. (p.) நீவந்தால். If you come. நாடாமால். It is a country, or one's native land. ஊராலொருதேவகுலம். A temple in every country. மரீஇ யதோரால். May you know--or know --know you what has happened. வாளால்வெட்டினான். He cut with a sword. அரசனாலாகியமனை. A house built by the king. 6)

ilakkiṉam (p. 52) s. [in astrology.] The rising of a sign above the horizon, the oblique ascension or the divisions of the equator which rise in succession with each sign in an oblique sphere--also defined as the arc of the equator which passes the meridian in the same time with each sign of the ecliptic, இராசிகளினுதயம். 2. The right ascension of the rising point of the ecliptic at any given time. Wils. p. 714. LUGNA. இலக்கினசடுவருக்கம், s. A division of the rising sign for calculating nativities embracing six things; 1. ஓரை, the rising sign. 2. சுடர்ச்செலவு, a division of the sign into two equal parts. 3. திரேக்காணம், a division of the sign into three parts. 4. நவாமிசம், a division of the sign into nine parts. 5. துவாதசாமிசம், a division of it into twelve parts. 6. கோட் கூறு, a division of it into thirty parts. 23)

ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

uy (p. 63) க்கிறேன், த்தேன், ப்பேன், க்க, v. a. To put in motion, cause to go, discharge, let go, let fly, send, emit, cast, throw, செலுத்த. 2. To ride, drive a carriage, &c., வாகனமூர. 3. To effect, accomplish, bring about, collect, gather together, காரியத்தைமுடிக்க. 4. To carry on, conduct literally, or morally, lead an army, &c., to manage, guide, direct, influence, operate, நடத்த. 5. To place, put in, shoot in, throw or cast in, plunge into, அமிழ்த்த. 6. To cause to arrive at, சேர்க்க. 7. To place, வைக்க. 8. To enjoy, experience, அனுபவிக்க. (p.) (குறள்.) உய்த்துச்சொரியினும்போகாதம. That which is apportioned by fate, though rejected, will not leave. (p.) (குறள்.) காதலகாதலறியாமையுய்க்கிற்பின். If (a king) enjoy the objects of his desire, (his foes) being unacquainted with those desires-(குறள்.) உய்த்துணர, inf. To discern, to distinguish, exercise thought, &c., ஆ ராய்ந்தறிய. உய்த்துணரவைப்பு, s. The use of such terms, descriptions, or definitions in a written work, as may require the exercise of thought, reference to other parts, &c., in order to comprehend them, ஆராய்ந்தறியவைக்கை--one of the thirty-two உத்தி in நன்னூல். உய்த்தலில்பொருண்மை, s. Poetry composed in such terms only as are necessary to express the author's meaning, கருதியபொருள்தோன்றப்பாடப்படுவது. உய்ப்பு, v. noun. Discharging, emission, accomplishment, &c., including all the meanings of the verb, உய்க் கை. 25)

urai (p. 65) s. Utterance, speaking, speech, பேச்சு. 2. A word, an expression, a sentence, a declaration, a saying, மொழி. 3. Explanation, interpretation, commentary, exposition, gloss, verbal renderings, &c., வியாக்கியானம். 4. Gold, பொன். 5. [in native lexicons.] The words for which synonymes of meanings are given, also the generic term of which the species are given, சொற்பயன். 6. Sound, ஒலி. 7. Eminence, உயர்ச்சி. 8. The written word, sacred writings, holy writ, as one of the three means of attaining knowledge, வேத மொழி; several kinds of உரை, or modes of explanation are given by Tamil Grammarians. The author of காரிகை has given four, viz.: 1. கருத்துரை, the main sentiment or scope of the text explained, also called தாற்பரியவுரை. 2. பதவுரை, verbal explanation, or interpretation, word by word, or clause by clause, also called கண்ணழிவுரை. 3. பொழிப்புரை, the substance of the text omitting rhetorical ornament, and adjuncts, or a free rendering of the text without interruption, also called பொழிப்புத் திரட்டுரை and பிண்டவுரை. --Note. The latter is the same as பதவுரை would be without the words of the text interspersed. 4. விரித்துரை, explanation at large, comment or exposition with proofs, illustrations, &c., also called அலகவுரை and விரியுரை; any of the preceding three, or any other kind of explanation may be included in this last. According to நன்னூல், உரை is divided into tow general classes, viz.: காண்டிகையுரை and விருத்தியுரை. 1. காண்டிகையுரை, brief exposition, or explanation of the text embracing five sub-divisions. (a) கருத்துரை, the scope of the text. (b) பதப்பொருள், verbal rendering being either as பதவுரை or as the scope and definition of பொழிப்புரை, given above, (c) உதாரணம், example for illustration. (d) வினா, anticipating objections, (lit.) proposing questions. (e) விடை, answering such objections or questions as may possibly occur. 2. விருத்தியுரை, copious or complete explanation embracing fourteen sub-divisions. 1. பாடம், giving the text or verse to be explained with different readings and choice exposition. 2. கருத்துரை, the general scope, or import of the text, as in காண்டிகை. 3. சொல்வகை, giving the parts of speech, or showing the grammatical connection when necessary to clear away obscurities. 4. சொ ற்பொருள், giving equivalent, literal words, or clauses as பதப்பொருள், in காண்டிகை, verbal renderings, &c. 5. தொகுத்துரை, a free rendering of the text as பொழிப்புரை, above. 6. உதாரணம், illustration by examples, as above. 7. வினா, anticipating objections, or raising questions as before. 8. விடை, answering such objections or giving reasons in support of the statements in the text. 9. விசேடம், special explanation, particular remarks. 1. விரிவு, supplying ellipses as of cases or otherwise. 11. அதிகாரம், determining the meaning of doubtful terms by reference to the subjects under discussion, as belonging to such a head, &c., or according to another exposition pointing out the beginning and ending of the discussion of the different subjects respectively, the opinions of different commentators. 12. துணிவு, deciding the meaning of terms concerning which there may be diversity of opinion. 13. பயன், inference, applications or recapitulation to show what is to be learnt by the text. 14. ஆசிரியவசனம், quotations, or textuary proofs from other authors. (p.) உரைகட்ட, inf. To comment on a work. உரைகாரன், s. A commentator, expositor, உரையாசிரியன். உரைக்கோள், s. The construction given by the commentator to the text, உரைகாரன்கருத்து. உரைசெய்ய, inf. To speak, declare, பேச. To make a commentary, வியாக்கியானம்பண்ண. உரைநூல், s. A work on which a commentary has been written, உரைபெற் றநூல். உரைபாடம்--உரையேடு, s. A work with its commentary. உரையாசிரியன், s. [used honorifically] A commentator, உரைகாரன். உரையாட, inf. To say, speak, tell, சொல்ல. 2. To converse, dispute, பேச. (p.) என்றுரையாடி நெடுங்கடல்வண்ணனெழுந்தருள. Having said thus, Vishnu who wears the color of the broad sea condescended to start--(பார.) உரையாயிருக்க, inf. To be in prose. உரையிலக்கணம், s. Rules for making commentaries. There are five according to சதுரகராதி, viz.: 1. பதம். 2. பதப்பொருள். 3. வாக்கியம். 4. வினா. 5. விடை. உரையிற்கோடல், v. noun. Additions to a text by a commentator--one of the உத்தி. உரையெழுத, inf. To write a commentary. உரைவன்மை, s. Eloquence, oratorical power, சாதுரியப்பேச்சு. 2. Forcible language that cannot be controverted, சொற்றிட்பம். உரைவாசகம், s. Prose composition, discourse, language. பாட்டுமுரையும், s. A poem with commentary. திருவள்ளுவருரை, s. The explanation of Tiruvalluvar's book. 58)

ūẕiym (p. 71) s. Services due to a deity, a guru, a superior by birth, or natural obligation, the obligations of a slave to his master, and sometimes those of a child to his parents, தொண்டு. (c.) 2. [prov.] Convict labor, தெருவூழியம். உமக்குநான்செய்யவேண்டியவூழியமென்ன..... Have you any commands to give me (the language of compliment though among equals)? ஊழியகாரன், s. One employed in convict labor, or in services according to the first definition, தொண்டன் ஊழியஞ்செய்ய, inf. To perform services due to the deity, the state, guru, &c., தொண்டுசெய்ய. பண்டாரவூழியம், s. Public services to a government. 3)

eṉ (p. 75) கிறேன், றேன், பேன், என்ன, v. a. To say, name, pronounce, express, do, indicate, either by words or signs, expressed, or implied, என்றுசொல்ல. This is the common form for quotation, in which sense it generally occurs in all its various uses. In the infinitive and other parts it is commonly found with one ன் only. என்கு. I say. என்கும். We say. என்ப--என்பர்--என்மர்--என்மனார்--என்றிசினோ ர். They say, they may say, some say, &c. அப்படியென்கிறான். So he says. 2. He does so (the speaker making the sign or sound intended). இல்லையென்கிறேன். I say no-implying impatience, displeasure, emphasis, &c. பணமில்லையென்கிறான். He says he has no money. போவென்கிறேன். I tell you to go, lit. I say go, and implying I have said so before. அவனைப்போவென்னப்போகிறான். When I say go, he goes. காமதேனுவென்கிறபசு. The cow (of the supernals) called Kamadhanu. நானென்னுமெண்ணம். Self conceit, consequence. என்பவன், appel. n. He who says so. 2. He who is called so. பெரியானென்பவன். Perian, or he who is called Perian. ஆவென்ன, inf. To open the mouth, lit. to say ஆ. ஈயென்ன, inf. To show the teeth, lit. to say ஈ. என்பிக்க, inf. To cause another to say, to prove, சொல்லுவிக்க. அதையவன்வாயினாலேயுமக்கென்பிப்பேன். I will prove it to you from his mouth. என்று. The gerund of the verb என், used instead of என the infinitive (which is the poetic usage in this connexion), it serves to end a quotation and to connect it with the following part of the sentence, in which case it often corresponds to the conjunction that, வினையெச்சம். அவனையடித்தேனென்றுசொன்னான். He said that he struck him, lit. he said, I struck him. Note 1st. In connexion with appropriate verbs, என்று, and என often mean to expect, to think, imagine, to suppose, to pretend, to desire, எண்ணுதல் or some such verb being implied; பணந் தெய்வமென்றுநடக்கிறான், he makes money his god; அதுபுகையென்றிருந்தேன், I thought it was smoke, I took it for smoke; அவர்வருவாரென்றிருக்கிறேன், I expect him to come; அவன்சொன்னானென்றுவந்தாயா, have you came because he told you?--Note 2d. According to நன்னூல், என்று and என are இடைச்சொல் or particles, with several specific uses, the other parts of the verb are or may be included. 1. With பெயர் or names; அழுக்காறெனவொரு பாவி, the sinner called envy. (குறள்.) 2. With குறிப்பு or symbolic forms; சிக்கென வூன்றியவேர், the root which has taken firm hold; திடீரெனவந்தான், he came suddenly. 3. With இசை or (imitative) sounds; ஒல்லெனவொலித்தது, it sounded ஒல்; அடுக் கு or repititive symbolic terms are included in this class; படபடென்றுநடுங்கி னான், he trembled (shook, shivered, &c.) greatly; சுஃஃறென்னுந்தண்டோட்டுப்பெண் ணை, the palmyras whose green leaves rustled (emitted the sound of சுஃஃறு). 4. With எண் enumeration, in which they are equivalent to the copulative conjunction; சாத்தனெனக்கொற்றனெனப்பூதனெ னமூவரும்வந்தார், Sattan, Kottan and Bhuta came; தேனென்றுபாலென்றுவமையில்லாமொழி, words unequalled (in sweetness) by honey or milk. 5. With பண்பு or symbolic terms expressive of quality and intensity; சிவேரெனச்சிவந்தது, it reddened to a crimson; வெள்ளெனவா, come in the grey of the morning; வெள்ளெனவி ளர்த்தது, it became very white.--Note 3d. என்று and என also serve to express similitude, like, as, &c.; புலியெனப்பாய்ந் தான், he sprang like a tiger; காந்தளெனக் கைநீட்டி, extending her காந்தள்-like hand. --Note 4th. என and என்று are also used to express pre-eminence, &c.; இன்னதென் றில்லை, it is no matter which; ஆரென்றுநி னைத்தாய், who do you suppose I am? I am not to be treated thus, &c., உயிரென் றுபார்க்கவில்லை, he does not (or did not) regard even life; அவனுக்கின்னாரென்றில்லை, it is no matter to him who; குருவென் றுபேணுகின்றிலன், he does not respect even the guru; எவ்வளவென்றில்லை, it is no matter how much. 2. How much soever, how little soever. 3. It is illimitable, undefined, the quantity is unknown; வாய்வயிறென்றுபார்க்கிறதில்லை, he does not give himself time to eat.--Note 5th. என and என்று are also used with reiterative symbolic terms; மடம்டென்றொலித்த து, it sounded மட, மட; அடியடியென்றடித் தான், he beat him soundly; தலைதலையென்ற டித்துக்கொண்டான், he beat his head greatly through rage, grief, despair, &c.; lit. saying, 'Head, head;' வாய்வாயென்றடிக்க, to beat one's mouth greatly--in sorrow, despair, &c.; எறியெறியென்றெறிந்தான், he threw many times; lit. he threw, saying, 'Throw, throw.'--Note 6th. என and என்று, with a dative imply, designed or appointed for, sacred or devoted to, for the sake of, &c.; சுவாமிக்கென்றுநேர்ந் தது, it is vowed (devoted) to God; தன்பிள்ளைக்கென்றுவைத்துக்கொண்டான், he kept it for his child; எனக்கென்றெடுக்கமாட் டேன், I will not take it for myself-Note 7th. The subjunctive என்றால் joined to verbs or used when verbs are implied forms the subjunctive of those verbs.--Note 8th. The subjunctive என் னில், poetically, என்னின், if, is contracted into எனில் and எனின், and in classical usage to எல் and என்: உம் joined to those forms makes them though; they are added to other verbs or to nouns; ஓரடி யென்கிலும்நட, walk, if it be but one step. 40)

ēktēcm (p. 76) s. Rareness, scarceness, a rare, extraordinary or prodigious occurrence, அருமை. 2. Anomaly, difference, excentricity, வேற்றுமை. 3. A blunder, a mistake; difference as above or below the mark; greater or less, disparity; unfitness, incongruity, disagreement, inconsistency, ஒவ்வாமை. 4. Exception to a general rule, ஒரோவிடத்துவிதிபிறழ்வு. 5. Undefinedness, uncertainty, fickleness, சந்தேகம். ஏகதேசத்திலுநினைத்திருக்கவில்லை. I never even once thought of it. ஏகதேசமில்லை. It is without error, not different, exact. இந்தநிலமேகதேசமாயிருக்கிறது. This ground is uneven. அதற்குமிதற்குமிகவுமேகதேசம். There is a great difference between that and this. இங்கேநின்றேகதேசமாய்ப்பேசப்படாது. Don't use scurrilous language here. 11)

ēl (p. 79) ஏற்கிறேன், ஏற்றேன், ஏற்பேன், ஏற்க, v. a. To receive, accept, admit, allow in argument, concede, welcome, கொ ள்ள. 2. To agree to, assent, approve, to like, ஒப்புக்கொள்ள. 3. To adopt--as a child, a sentiment; to embrace, espouse, receive, அங்கீகரிக்க. 4. To receive alms, gifts, &c.-as a beggar, to receive in hand, பிச்சையேற்க. 5. To stretch out the hands in supplication, begging, &c., பிச்சைவாங்க. 6. To undertake, enter upon, engage in, make an engagement, கையிட. 7. To take charge of, take the responsibility of, கையேற்க. 8. To oppose in battle, meet the foe, எதிர்க்க. 9. v. n. To be suitable for, agreeable to, adapted to, appropriate, becoming, இசைவாயிருக்க. ஏற்பதிகழ்ச்சி. Begging is disgraceful. கட்டளைப்படிநடந்தால்நீயவருக்கேற்பாய். If you act according to orders you will be acceptable to him. அதுதெய்வத்திற்கேலாது. [commonly ஏராது or ஏற்கமாட்டாது.] That will not be acceptable or proper in the sight of God. இதுதிருவுளத்திற்கேற்குமா. Will this be agreeable to the divine mind? is it just? meaning it is not. இந்தப்பிரமகத்திபாதகத்தையுமேற்றுக்கொள்வாய்... And the crime of this brahmanicide you become chargeable with. எதிரேற்றதெவ்வர். The opposing foes. வீடணன்மேற்போனவேலேற்றநன்றி. The kindness of Latchmana in receiving (into his own breast) the dart thrown at Vibeeshana. ஏற்போர், s. Beggars, religious mendicants, brahmans. ஏற்றசமயம், s. A suitable or convenient time. ஏற்றபடி--ஏற்றவாறு, adv. At random, without premeditation. 2. As is fit. mete, becoming, appropriate, proper, suitable, equitable. 3. As one likes, according to one's own pleasure. ஏற்றுக்கொள்ள, inf. To receive, admit, allow, agree, to accept. 2. To undertake, engage in. 3. To take charge of, become responsible for. ஏற்க--ஏற்கவே, adv. Properly, suitably, தக. 2. [prov.] Before, முன் (also ஏற்கன, improperly). ஏற்கநடக்க, inf. To behave properly or with moral rectitude. 2. To act so as to please. ஏற்கை--ஏற்பு, v. noun. Agreement, approbation, பொருத்தம். 2. Acceptation, reception, acceptance, அங்கீகாரம். 3. Receiving alms, &c., பிச்சையேற்கை. ஏற்புழிக்கோடல், v. noun. Applying grammatical rules, definitions, &c. where they may properly apply, allowing of exceptions, exercising discretion, &c.--one of the உத்தி. ஏற்புறவணிய, inf. To dress in the proper fashion, தகவணிய. 2. To adjust a woman's garb after illicit intercourse, தலைமகளையலங்கரிக்க-- a term used in works describing the eight kinds of marriage. (p.) ஏற்றல், v. noun. Receiving, &c. 62)

oṉṟu (p. 84) s. One (the numeral), ஒன் றென்னுமெண். 2. One thing, அஃறிணையொரு மை. 3. Union, coalescence, ஐக்கம். 4. In construction, it means either, or--as ஒன் றுதீவினையைவிடு, ஒன்றுஅதின்பயனைநுகர், either abandon your evil deeds, or take the consequences. ஒன்றத்தனைகொடுத்தால்நானிரண்டத்தனைகொடுப் பேன். If he has given once as much, I will give twice. ஒன்றாறுகிறானில்லை. He so wonders that he knows not when to cease extolling. 2. His sorrow, regret, &c. is unremitted. ஒன்றிலிருந்தொன்றிலேபாய்தல். Talking loosely, incoherently, jumping from one thing to another. ஒன்றினுளொன்று. One among another, reciprocally, mutually. ஒன்றுகேள். Listen to a word of advice, hear what I have to say. ஒன்றுக்குமசையான். He is moved by nothing. ஒன்றுமொன்றுமிரண்டென்றுதெரியாதவன். A person so ignorant that he cannot tell that one and one make two. ஒன்றுவிட்டொருநாள். Every other day, alternate days. ஒன்றேயொன்று. One only. ஒன்றோஅவனாலேகேடு. Have I sustained but one loss by him? நான்சொன்னதொன்று, அவன்செய்ததொன்று. I told him one thing and he did another. மனமொன்றுவாக்கொன்று. His profession is one thing and intention another. ஒன்றரை, s. One and a half. ஒன்றன்கூட்டம், s. A collection of similar things, ஒருபொருட்கூட்டம். (p.) ஒன்றன்பால், s. [in grammar.] Neuter singular of the irrational class, அஃறி ணையொருமைப்பால். ஒன்றாய், adv. Together, altogether, ஒன்றாக. ஒன்றாலொன்றும். By any means, யாதொன்றினாலும். ஒன்றாலொன்றுங்குறையில்லை. There is no lack at all--commonly applied to provisions, the country produce, &c. ஒன்றி, s. [vul. ஒண்டி.] One, alone, solitary, lonely (spoken of persons), தனி. ஒன்றிக்காரன்--ஒன்றியாள், s. A bachelor, a widower, a single or lonely person, தனியாள். ஒன்றினமுடித்தறன்னினமுடித்தல், v. noun. [in grammar.] Forming a rule or definition so as to include others, ஒருத்தி. ஒன்றுக்கு. For one thing, viz.: to make water--the common expression among school boys when asking to go out for this purpose. ஒன்றுக்கிருக்க, inf. To sit or squat down or go for one thing, viz.: to make water, நீர்விட. ஒன்றுக்குப்போக, inf. To make water. ஒன்றுக்கொன்று. To or for each other. ஒன்றுக்கொன்றுசரி. They are equal, alike, &c. ஒன்றுக்கொன்றுபேசிக்கொண்டார்கள். [vul.] They have called each other by hard names. ஒன்றுக்கொன்றுவித்தியாசம். Different one from another. ஒன்றுபட, inf. To become reconciled, ஒப்புரவாக. 2. To be united, to coalesce, பொருந்த. ஒன்றுபடுத்த, inf. To bring about a union or acquaintance between persons, ஒருமைப்படுத்த. 2. To reconcile, ஒப் புரவாக்க. ஒன்றுபாதி, s. [prov.] A moiety, a half-commonly of land, அரை. 2. Midnight, நடுச்சாமம். அவன்தன்சரக்கையொன்றுபாதியாகவிற்றுப்போட் டான். He sold his goods at half price. ஒன்றுமண்டடி--ஒன்றுமன்றடி, s. Concord, union, harmony, intimate familiarity. 2. Confusion, want of order or system. ஒன்றுமறியாதவன், s. One who knows nothing. ஒன்றுமறியாதவனுமில்லைஎல்லாமறிந்தவனுமில்லை. None is so ignorant as to know nothing --none so wise as to know every thing. ஒன்றுமற்றவன், s. A useless person, உபயோகமற்றவன். 2. A very poor person, தரித்திரன். ஒன்றுமில்லாமை--ஒன்றுமின்மை, s. Utter destitution, the relinquishing of every thing--as an act of devotion. (அறநெறி.) ஒன்றேகால், s. One and a quarter. ஒன்றொழிபொதுச்சொல், s. [in grammar.] Terms common to both genders, one only of which is understood, the other being excluded by the connexion, இருதிணையாண்பெண்ணுளொன்றனை யொழிக்கும்பொதுச்சொல்--as ஆயிரமக்கள்பொரு தார், a thousand persons fought; i. e. men. 33)