amangkalam (p. 19) s. [priv. அ.] Inauspiciousness, மங்கலமின்மை. Wils. p. 59. AMANGALA. அமங்கலி--அமங்கலை, s. A widow, கைமை, opp. to சுமங்கலை, a married woman. 2)

ilingkam (p. 54) s. A sign, mark, token, symbol, அடையாளம். 2. The penis. ஆண்குறி. 3. The phallus or linga--a representation of the membra viri et mulieris used in temples as an object of worship, and regarded as deity under this emblem. It is also made of gold or silver and worn in a casket on the arm, the breast, or some other part of the body, as an amulet and as an object of veneration and worship. In both these cases it represents both sexes in conjunction, being emblematical of Siva and Sacti, or the male and female energies of the deity, சிவலிங்கம். In the Agama philosophy three lingas are mentioned; viz.: 1. Streelinga (ஸ்திரீலிங்கம்) the same as விந்து--the female linga common to male and female--including in both sexes the organs for secreting and containing the seminal fluid. 2. Purshalinga (புருட லிங்கம்) same as நாதம் (Natha) male linga, also common to both sexes, including in both sexes the genital organs for transmitting and combining the two productions essential to generation. 3. Napunchakalinga, (நபுஞ்சகம்) same as அலி, Ali or Alilinga, the neuter or rather hermaphrodite linga, being the physiological foundation of the other two, both as to their organization and functions. The image linga often bears this name; these three are distinguished by the terms அவன், அவள், அது. They are physiological and are found in such works as தத்துவக்கட்டளை, &c. There is another class of lingas called பஞ்சலிங் கம், the five lingas, popularly represented as deity under the emblems of the five elements, and worshipped in as many celebrated temples, viz.: பிருதிவிலிங்கம், earth-linga, worshipped at Canjeevara-அப்புலிங்கம், water-linga, worshipped at Tiruvanaicka--தேயுலிங்கம், fire linga, worshipped at Tiruvannamalay--வாயுலிங்கம், air-linga, worshipped at Tirukalatti-ஆகாயலிங்கம், ether-linga, worshipped at Sethumbaram. These are properly of a metaphysical or mystical character and belong to the arcana of Hinduism. The above designations are for popular use and are given from their physiological connection with the five bodies or casements of the soul, whose natural bases are the elements. earth, water, fire, air and ether, respectively. Among the initiated, the following are the terms employed, viz.: 1. ஸ்திரீலிங் கம், Streelinga--this is properly the organ entire--male and female with its functions; it is a figure (உரூபம்) the only one of the five to which form is ascribed. There is but one image, the representation of this. The சரிதை course of worship, i. e. the popular puranic course belongs to this. 2. புல்லிங்கம், this is defined to be உணர்வு; the course here is that of instruction and perception as to the action of the instrument, &c. To this belongs the கிரியை course of worship, the second great stage. 3. நபுஞ் சகலிங்கம், this is the stage of darkness, of neutrality, called the stage of darkness and doubt, and, as a course of worship, is included in the succeeding one. 4. பரமலிங் கம், this comes under the dominion of மயேச் சுரன், the concealer, and is called மறைப்பு; the course here is that of யோகம், the third great stage. 5. மகாலிங்கம், this is தெளிவு, the course of ஞானம், the last stage which exempts from births, and secures absorption in the supreme essence. Wils. p. 72. LINGA. இலிங்ககோளம், s. Glans penis. (Anat.) இலிங்கங்கட்டி--இலிங்கதாரி, s. One who wears the linga. இலிங்கசங்கமம், s. Symbols of the sexes united--probably a personification of the active energy of the deity and of matter, represented in metal. &c., or formed in the mind as objects of contemplation and worship. இலிங்கசூலை, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கபுடோல், s. The ஐவிரலி, creeper, Bryonia, L. இலிங்கபுராணம், s. One of the eighteen Puranas, புராணம்பதினெட்டிலொ ன்று. இலிங்கப்புற்று, s. A kind of venereal disease. இலிங்கரோகம், s. The venereal disease, ஆண்குறியில்வருமோர்புண். இலிங்கர்--இலிங்கிகள், s. Ascetics, Rishis who wear the Linga, சைவ தவப்பாலோர். இலிங்கி, s. An ascetic. 2. A worshipper of Siva, under the phallic emblem. 3. A hypocrite, a pretended devotee. ஸ்படிகலிங்கம், s. A linga made of quartz. பாணலிங்கம், s. A stone in the form of a linga--found in the river Nurbudda. பிரசாதலிங்கம், s. What is dedicated to Siva. பார்த்திபலிங்கம், s. Any thing assumed as an emblem of linga, and worshipped. சுயம்புலிங்கம், s. A linga supposed to be self-existent. சங்கமலிங்கம், s. A man of the Changama sect. குருலிங்கம், s. A spiritual father, a confessor. 17)

ulūkalam (p. 66) s. A mortar, உரல். (p.) 2. Resin, குங்குலியம். (Med.) Wils. p. 163. ULOOKALA. உலூகலமுடன்றவழ்ந்து. Rolling along with the mortar to which he was tied-- (பார.) 26) *

kalakam (p. 96) s. Insurrection, commotion, rebellion, sedition, இராசகலகம். 2. Uproar, tumult, disturbance, noise, clamor, பேரொலி, 3. War, fighting, storming, attacking, போர். 4. Discord, strife, quarrel, wrangle, bickering, eager dispute, சண்டை. Wils. p. 21. KALAHA. (c.) கலகந்தெளிந்தது. The tumult has ceased. கலகம்பிறந்தால்நியாயம்பிறக்கும். Justice is obtained by agitation. கலகக்காரர், s. Insurgents, seditious persons, கலகஞ்செய்பவர். 2. Quarrelsome persons, wranglers, bickerers, சண்டைசெய்வோர். கலகக்குருவி, s. [prov.] A sky-blue bird with dark brown head and large beak, சிச்சிலி, king-fisher, lit the screamer. கலகப்பிரியன், s. A seditious, rebellious, turbulent man. கலகமாய்க்கிடக்க, inf. To be in a state of rebellion and disturbance, to be out of order. கலகமாய்க்கிடக்கிறதேசம், s. A country that is in a disturbed condition. கலகமுண்டாக, inf. To rise as an insurrection. கலகமுண்டாக்க--கலகமிட--கல கம்பண்ண, inf. To make an uproar, to cause sedition, to rebel, wrangle, bicker, dispute eagerly. கலகவாயன், s. A noisy person, a clamorer, சண்டைக்காரன். 198)

kalakalam (p. 96) s. Chirping noise, &c., of birds, பறவைக்குரல். 2. The confused noise of a crowd இரைச்சல். Wils. p. 2. KALAKALA. 200)

kalacam (p. 96) s. A little earthen pot, குடம். Wils. p. 21. KALASHA. 2. (p.) Milk, பால். கலசம்நிறுத்த, inf. To invoke the presence of a deity by certain ceremonies. கலசப்பானை, s. A spittoon. (சது.) 2. A censer (Rott.) கலசமுனி, s. Agastya, அகத்தியன் --as born in a water-pot. (p.) தூபகலசம், s. A censer in which incense is burned. தண்ணீர்க்கலசம், s. A water-pot. பாற்கலசம், s. A little pot used for milking. 205)

kalai (p. 96) s. A digit or one-sixteenth of the moon's diameter, a phasis, சந்திரன்பங்கு. 2. A minute portion of time equal to thirty காட்டை, or about eight seconds,காலநுட்பம். 3. The sixtieth part of a பாகை, or of onethirtieth of a zodiacal sign or one Indian hour, ஓர்பாகையிலறுபதிலொன்று. Wils. p. 2. KALA. 4. A specific power of any of the superior deities as manifested in an incarnation, or in the assumption of a form, human or other for any specific purpose, the manifestation of a deity, forms of the female energy of deity as they appear in nature, வித்தியாதத்துவமேழிலொன்று. 5. The arts and sciences of which sixty-four are enumerated. (see கலைஞானம்.) 6. Learning, erudition, literature, philosophy, வித்தை. 7. A treatise, a book, நூல். 8. (p.) A male deer, a stag, ஆண்மான். 9. Cloth, சீலை. 1. The manifestation of a demon in a person temporarily possessed, பேயாட்டம். 11. Any one of the eight parts of a வண்ணம், ode. 12. A shark, சுறாமீன். 13. Capricornus of the zodiac, மகரவிராசி. 14. The male of the red monkey, ஆண்முசு. 15. Breath passing from the nostrils, இடைப்பிங்கலை. 16. The branch of a tree, மரக்கொம்பு. (சது.) 17. The solid part of timber, வைரம். 18. A girdle, அரைப்பட்டிகை. 19. A woman's exterior girdle, consisting of seven strings of jewels, மேகலை. 2. Brightness, splender, பிர காசம். 21. Tissues, சவ்வு. கலாநிதி, s. The moon, சந்திரன். கலைகுறைய, inf. To decrease as divinity in an idol by the neglect of pujah, &c. 2. (fig.) [in contempt.] To be cashiered, degraded, to lose office, decrease--as prosperity. கலைக்கொம்பு, s. Stag's horn--also called கலங்கொம்பு. கலைஞர், s. Poets, bards, philosophers, the literati, புலவர். கலைஞானம், s. Philosophy, literature, universal knowledge, கல்வியுணர்வு. 2. The arts and sciences, being sixty four, viz.: 1. அக்கரவிலக்கணம், the knowledge of spelling and reading, orthography, the science of reading. 2. இலி கிதம், caligraphy, penmanship. 3. கணி தம், the art of computation, arithmetic, the science of numbers. 4. வேதம், the Hindu Veda or law. 5. புராணம், a class of sacred books comprising the whole body of Hindu theology. 6. வியாகரணம், grammar. 7. நீதிசாத்திரம், jurisprudence. 8. சோதிடசாத்திரம், astronomy, including astroloy. 9. தருமசாத்திரம், ethics, moral philosophy, code of laws. 1. யோகசாத் திரம், the knowledge of abstract or silent devotion, rules for religious and abstract meditations. 11. மந்திரசாத்திரம், A division of the Vedas in the first practical part; it includes prayers and hymns addressed to particular deities and used at particular sacrifices, and it also comprehends incantations in religion. magic, medicine, and every other art or practice in which enchantments are used. 12. சகுணசாத்திரம், the science of prognosticating by omens and augury. 13. சிற்ப சாத்திரம், architecture and mechanics, symmetry, shapes in general including sculpture, painting features, lines, hair, &c., of the human system, and their various effects on life. 14.வைத்தியசாத்திரம், science of healing, physic, pharmacy and surgery which may include restoration to life of the dead, the reunion of severed limbs. &c. 15. உருவசாத்திரம், physiognomy, the art of discovering the temper and foreknowing the fortune by the features of the face, metoposcopy, chiromancy, the art of foretelling the events of life by inspecting the hand, சாமுத்திரிகம். 16. இதிகாசம், history, traditional accounts of former events, heroic history--as found in the Bharata and Ramayana. 17. காவியம், epic poetry --as சிந்தாமணி, நைடதம், &c. 18. அலங்காரம், science of rhetoric. 19. மதுரபாடணம், eloquence. 2. நாடகம், dramatic science. 21. நிருத்தம், the art of dancing. 22. சத்தப் பிரமம், directions for the modulation of sounds. 23. வீணை, the art of playing on the lute or stringed instruments. 24. வேணு. the art of playing on the flute or pipe. 25. மிருதங்கம், the art of beating the tambourine. 26. தாளம், the art of beating the cymbals. 27. அத்திரபரிட்சை, archery, the art of throwing darts. 28. கனகபரிட்சை, the art of an assayer in gold, &c. 29. இரதபரிட்சை, the art of driving chariots, charioteering. 3. கசபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the marks of an elephant. 31. அசுவபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the marks of a horse. 32. இரத் தினபரிட்சை, the art of examining and choosing gems, knowledge of precious stones. 33. பூமிபரிட்சை, the knowledge of the different kinds of soil, rules for determining by the surface, the nature and depth of soils, underneath which water is to be found, &c. 34. சங்கிராமவி லக்கணம், military art, tactics. 35. மல்ல யுத்தம், wrestling, pugilism, gymnastics, athletic art, boxing. 36. ஆகருடணம், the art of calling or summoning by enchantment. 37. உச்சாடணம், exorcism, dislodging devils or exciting them to injure others. 38. வித்துவேடணம், exciting hatred between parties by magical spells-one of the eight performances of enchantment. 39. மதனசாத்திரம், erotics, modus coeundi. 4. மோகனம், libidinous fascinations occasioned by enchantment. 41. வசீகரணம், the art of subduction by magic, the art of bringing one over to another's side or interest by enchant ment. 42. இரசவாதம், alchymy and chemistry. 43. காந்தருவவாதம் the knowledge of the condition of the celestial choristers. 44. பைபீலவாதம், the language of brute creatures from emmets upwards. 45. கவுத்துகவாதம், the art of restoring pleasure to a sorrowful mind. 46. தாதுவாதம், the knowledge of the pulse. 47. காரூடம். charms, incantations against poison. 48. நட்டம், information respecting any thing lost obtained by astronomical calculations. 49. முட்டி, information respecting any thing concealed in the palms of the hand (lit. in the fist.) 5. ஆகாயப்பிரவேசம், the art of entering into the air and becoming invisible. 51. ஆகாயமனம், the art of walking in the air. 52. பரகாயப்பிரவேசம், the power of leaving one's own body and entering another lifeless body or substance at pleasure. 53. அதிரிசயம், the power of making one's self invisible. 54. இந்திரசாலம், the art of conjuring, juggling, &c. 55. மகேந்திர சாலம், the art of performing wonders in heaven and earth. 56. அக்கினித்தம்பம், restraining the action of fire. 57. சலத் தம்பம், The art of counteracting the yielding quality of water so as to be able to walk on its surface. 58. வாயுத்தம்பம், the art of restraining the power of the wind. 59. திட்டித்தம்பம், the art of fascinating the eyes. 6. வாக்குத்தம்பம், the art of fascinating the mouth. 61. சுக்கிலத் தம்பம், the art of restraining the semen virile. 62. கனனத்தம்பம், the art of preventing the discovery of things concealed. 63. கட்கத்தம்பம், the art by which the power of sword or any other weapon is nullified. 64. அவத்தைப்பிர யோகம், the power of stationing the soul at pleasure, in any of the five stages in full energy by virtue of abstract devotion for converse with the deity. See அவத்தை. கலைநாதன், s. Argha, a divinity of the Jainas. கலைநாயகன், s. Budha, புத்தன். (திவாக.) கலைமகள்--கலைமடந்தை, s. Sarasvati--as the patroness of the arts, சரச்சுவதி. (p.) கலைமலைவு, s. Any thing contrary to the shasters, சாஸ்திரவிரோதம். கலைமான், s. A stag. கலையானத்தி--கலையூர்தி, s. Durga, துர்க்கை, (p.) கலையினன், s. The moon, சந்திரன். (p.) கலையுணர்த்துவோன்--கலையுணர்பு லவன், s. Skanda, கந்தன் (p.) கலையேற, inf. To increase as divinity in an idol with the increase of pujah, incantations, &c. 2. [in reproach.] To become arrogant by prosperity, promotion, &c. கலையோத, inf. To learn science, to acquire knowledge, நூலோத. கலைவல்லோர், s. Poets, philosophers, the learned, புலவர். வடகலை, s. The Sanscrit language. தென்கலை, s. The Tamil language. 272)

kutukalam (p. 120) --குதூகலம், s. [vul. குது குலம்.] Joy, transport of joy, அகக்களிப்பு. Wils. p. 228. KUTOOHALA. குதுகலங்கொள்ள, inf. To have satisfaction of mind, to be pleased. குதுகலிக்க--குதுகுலிக்க, inf. To express signs of joy or approbation, களிக்க. 7)

kōlākalam (p. 151) s. Noise, clamor, பே ரொலி. 2. Bustle, parade, martial bravery, festivity, hilarity, dissipation, சம்பிரமம். (c.) 3. Scream, roar, howl, &c., of animals, விலங்கினாலெழுமொலி. W. p. 252. KÓLA'HALA. கோலாகலப்பிரியன், s. A man fond of pomp, parade, &c., also a fashionable person. கோலாகலமாயிருக்க, inf. To make a parade; to live in dissipation. கோலாகலம்பண்ண, inf. To be strenuous, strong, brave. 2. To be disorderly. 3. To live in dissipation. 26) *

kauṭam (p. 152) s. The ancient district of Gour, the central part of Bengal, ஓர்தே சம். 2. [in rhetroic.] One of the two modes of poetic style-- the hyperbolical as practised first by poets of the Gour country, differing from the வைதருப்பம், mode which is more moderate and rational, கௌடநெறி. (தண்டி.) W. p. 32. GOUDA. 3. (சது.) Dialect of the five following countries; viz.: சுத்தகௌடம், Gour proper. 2. கானகுப்சம், Kanyakubja, the modern Konouja. 3. சாரஸ்வதம், Sarswata, a province of Delhi. 4. உற்கலம், Ulkala, a part of Orissa. 5. மைதிலை, Mithila, the modern Tirhut. W. p. 253. KAUTA. A kind of medicinal creeper, ஓர்கொடி. கௌடநடை--கௌடநெறி, s. As கௌடம். 2. கௌடதர்க்கம், s. Dialectics peculiar to the Gour school, said to be very comprehensive and minute. 9) *

cakalakam (p. 153) s. A goat, a he-goat, வெ ள்ளாட்டுக்கடா. W. p. 333. CHHAGALAKA. 31)

cakalaṉ (p. 153) --சகலப்பாடி--சகலை, s. The wife's sister's husband, ஓர் குடியிற்கொ ண்டோன். W. p. 879. SAKALA. (c.) 34)

cakalam (p. 153) s. All, the whole, entireness, universality, அனைத்து. W. p. 879. SAKALA. --Note. உம் is commonly suffixed to the word or to the noun that follows it. 2. [in the Agamas.] The state of souls subject to the three [மலம்]. evils, and to transmigrations. (See சகலர்.) 3. Consciousness, and consequent active operations, of the soul, either absolute or partial; being the second of the three அவத்தை. (See காரணசகலம்.) Obs. The five காரியசகலம் states, (imperfect consciousness of the living soul) are 1. சகலசாக்கிரம். 2. சகலசொப் பனம். 3. சகலசுழுத்தி. 4. சகலதுரியம். 5. சகலதுரியா தீதம். சகலத்திற்கும் நானிருக்கிறேன். I will see to the whole. சகலத்திராளும். All persons, all men. (c.) சகலமும். All, the whole. சகலகலாவல்லவன், s. One skilled in the whole circle of the sciences, பலநூலறிந் தோன். சகலகுணசம்பன்னன், s. One rich in all good qualities, குணவான். used in epistolary addresses. சகலத்தியாகம், s. The relinquishment of all things for abstract devotion. சகலமங்கலை, s. Parvati wife of Siva, பார்வதி. சகலமோகினி, s. Maya, or the power of illusion in creation, personified as a female, obscuring the mind, &c., மாயை. சகலர், s. [in the Agama phil.] The third of the three classes of souls, such as, continue subject to births, and are obscured by the three மலம்; and when united with bodies, become wholly engrossed with the objects of sense Compare, பிரளயாகலர் and விஞ்ஞானகலர். சகலவியாபி, s. The Deity, the allpervading, the omnipresent, கடவுள். சகலாவத்தை, s. As சகலம். 2. 3. 33) *

cangkalaṉam (p. 155) s. Aggregation, blending, கலப்பு. 2. [in arith.] Addition, எண்கூட் டுகை. W. p. 88. SANKALANA. 39) *

cirungkalam (p. 185) s. A chain or fetter in general. See சங்கிலி. 2. An elephant chain, யானைச்சங்கிலி. (சது.) 73) *